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Organic Semiconductor Lasers as Integrated Light Sources for Optical Sensors   283

































               FIGURE 7.16  Scheme of different fl uorescence detection methods.
























               FIGURE 7.17  Schemes of Mach-Zehnder interferometers.
                      analyte (upper part of figure) or is otherwise coupled to an
                      analyte (lower part of figure) in a second waveguide. After
                      traveling the different paths, the two beams interfere. The dif-
                      ference in optical path length results in a characteristic change
                      of intensity due to the interference of both beams.
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