Page 221 - Partition & Adsorption of Organic Contaminants in Environmental Systems

212 CONTAMINANT SORPTION TO SOILS AND NATURAL SOLIDS

5

Start of rainfall
4
Evaporative Flux (µg/m 2 s) 3 Triallate

2

1
Trifluralin

0
0 24 48 72 96 120
Continuous Time (h)
Figure 7.48 Evaporative fluxes of triallate and trifluralin herbicides with time,
showing the effect of a rainfall after the spray of herbicides to a field site in Ottawa,
Canada. [Data from Majewski et al. (1993). Reproduced with permission.]

TABLE 7.22. Influence of Soil Type and Soil
Moisture on the Toxicity of Insecticides in Soils to
First-Instar Nymphs of the Common Field Cricket
[Gryllus pennsylvanicus (Burmeister)]
1
LD 50 (mg/kg )
Insecticide Soil Type a Moist Dry
Heptachlor Plainfield sand 0.068 0.53
Muck 4.19 5.39
DDT Plainfield sand 1.75 17.3
Muck 67.2 99.8
Diazinon Plainfield sand 0.26 34.1
Muck 17.0 11.5
V-C 13 Plainfield sand 3.80 717
Muck 279 165
Parathion Plainfield sand 0.25 6.00
Muck 22.6 9.10
Source: Data from Harris (1964).
a
Plainfield sand (mixed, mesic Typic Udipsamment).