Page 384 - Pipeline Risk Management Manual Ideas, Techniques, and Resources

Typical pipeline products /359
Some properties of crude oil fractions
Name Carbon chain length Boiling range /'C
Petroleum gases 14 <5
Naphtha 5-9 2&180
Gasoline 5-10 20-200
Kerosine 10-16 180-260
Gas oil (diesel oil) 14-20 260-340
Lubricating oil 2&50 37MOO
Fuel oil 2&70 330 upwards
Residue >70 Nondistillahle
Source: http://www.schoolscience.co.uk/conten~4/chemistry/fossils/
p8.html

Substance Closed-cup flash Lowerflammability Upperflammability limit (99) Autoignition
point CF) limit (%) temperature? ("F)
Propane Very low 2.1 9.5 842
Gasoline -45 to -36 1.4-1.5 7.4 7.6
Acetone -4 2.5 13 869
Isopropyl alcohol 53 2.0 12.7@200 'F 750
Turpentine 95 0.8 488
Fuel oil no. 2 126600 494
Motor oil 275400 325425
Peanut oil 540 833
Source: "ARCHIE (Automated Resource for Chemical Hazard lncident Evaluation)," prepared for the Federal Emergency Management Agency,
Department of Transportation, and Environmental Protection Agency, for Handbook of Chemical Hazard Analysis Procedures (approximate date
1989) and software for dispersion modeling, thermal, and overpressure impacts.
aAutoignition temperature is the minimum temperature necessary to initiate or cause self-sustaining combustion in the absence of a flame or spark.

Typical heats of combustion (H,) (Bhdlb):
Gasolines and fuel oils = 18,700
Jet fuels = 21,700
Ammonia = 8,000
Most fuel gases, 20,000 Btu/lb or - 50 MJikg.