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Harmonics and Interharmonics 51

i(t)
∆i PP

t

(a)
D

L +
± R C i(t)
V cc V o
−

(b)
Figure 4.10 Triangular ripple. (a) Awaveform. (b) The DC/DC converter cir-
cuit that produces this waveform. In this case, i(t) is the capacitor current.

Pulsating waveform
The rms value of a pulsating waveform (Figure 4.11) with duty cycle
D is

I rms 5 I 2D
pk

i(t)

I pk

Figure 4.11 Pulsating waveform
with duty cycle D.
t
DT T