Page 407 - Practical Power System and Protective Relays Commissioning

Index 395

gas contamination by compressor oil, 91 synchronizing with busbars, 41 42
gas handling Synchronous machine, 36, 36f
gas filling cylinder, 153 power angle, 41
gas service truck, 154 155 reactance in subtransient, transient, and
gas properties, 90 steady-state, 37f
GIS components, 144f Synchronous motors, 44 45, 45f
leakage test, 152 loss of excitation protection for, 323
pressure gauge meter test, 152 out-of-step protection for, 323
Supervision relay, busbar protection, 258 259 Synchronous speed, 36
Surge arresters, 2, 103, 103f, 148, 150f Synchroscope pointer, 367
test, 104 System earthing, 277 279
power transformer commissioning, 25 System impedance ratio (SIR), 218
SVL test. See Sheath voltage limit test (SVL effect SIR on distance protection
test) measurements, 218 219, 218f
Switch to fault (SOTF), 230 System specification description (SSD),
feature in distance relay, 230 183 184
logic in distance protection, 337f System synchronizing, 355
Switched distance relays, 224
Switchgear, 99
11-kV switchgear, 194 T
in generating stations, 17 21 Tan δ,64 66
auxiliary switchgear, 17 21 Tap changers, 274
classic (old) system of generator TCP. See Transport control protocol (TCP)
connection, 20f Tele protection scheme test, 338
main switchgear schemes, 17 Temperature
Switching process, 235 236 difference coefficient, 59, 60t,65t
Symmetrical components, 163 165 indicators, 49
of unsymmetrical phasors, 165 rise test, 64
Symmetrical three-phase fault analyses, Tesla (T), 56
170 173 Thermal generating stations, 1
three-phase equivalent fault level and fault Thermal power stations, 31
current, 172 173 Thermal replica relays, 323
unsymmetrical phase-to-phase fault Third harmonic neutral voltage scheme, 238,
analyses, 171 240f
to earth analyses, 171 Three-busbar blocking system, 253
unsymmetrical single-phase Three-busbar differential protection, 253
fault analyses, 170 Three-phase
open-circuit fault analyses, 172 balanced fault, 175, 175f
Synchronizing relay testing, 357 358 close-up fault, 230
and commissioning, 355 356 equivalent fault level and fault current,
Synchronizing/phasing checks, 367 172 173
Synchronous generators, 35 41, 35f fault, 170, 170f
excitation high-speed autoreclosing, 235 236
ceiling voltage, 41 induction motors, 45 46
response, 41 Three-winding transformers, 277
system, 38 40 differential protection, 298, 299f, 300f
installation and commissioning, 42 44 sequence impedances, 166, 167f
power angle of synchronous machines, 41 zero-sequence network of, 278f
ratings, 40 Through-fault stability limit, 257
steady-state representation, 37f Tidal energy, 34
steady-state stability and transient stability, Time delay, 285
40 Time multiplier (TM), 195, 283