Page 221 - Psychological Management of Individual Performance

demands influence performance 205
TABLE 10.1 Articles reviewed for the update and revision of Locke and Latham’s (1990a)
high-performance cycle
Author(s) and
publication date Type of paper Major findings

DEMANDS
Brown and Latham Laboratory Specific difficult goals positively related to BOS
(2000a) performance evaluations.
Tanetal. Field A return to work goal was the strongest predictor of
(1997) an individual’s actual return to work.
Gauggel Field Specific difficult goals positively related to
(1999) neurorehabilitation rate.
Hinsz Laboratory Self-set goals less challenging than assigned goals.
(1991, 1995)
Von Bergen et al. Laboratory Self-esteem moderated the moderately difficult
(1996) goal–performance relationship.
Tang and Reynolds Field Low self-esteem related to lower self-set goals and
(1993) lower performance relative to high self-esteem.
O’Leary-Kelly et al. Meta- Goal difficulty–performance relationship held for
(1994) analysis group contexts.
Klein and Mulvey Laboratory Difficulty level of self-set group goal positively
(1995) related to group’s performance.
Mulvey and Klein Laboratory Difficulty level of self-set group goal positively
(1998) related to group’s performance.
Crown and Rosse Laboratory On interdependent tasks, group goals held by
(1995) committed members increased group performance.
Allscheid and Cellar Laboratory No main effect of goal difficulty. Null result linked to
(1996) a restriction of range in goal-setting manipulation.
Goal commitment had a direct effect on performance.
Bar-Eli et al. Field Very high goals not found to decrease individual
(1993) motivation and performance.
Jones and Cale Laboratory Very high goals not found to decrease individual
(1997) motivation and performance.
Weinberg et al. Laboratory Performance level determined by individual’s
(1991) perception of how he or she will perform on
subsequent trials (self-efficacy).

SELF-EFFICACY
Bandura Review Performance is affected by individual confidence
(1997) levels toward achieving a goal. Goal–performance
relationship was influenced by external rewards only
when people perceive the rewards to be attainable.
Lee and Bobko Laboratory The higher an individual’s self-efficacy for a task, the
(1992) lower his or her perception of goal difficulty.
continues overleaf