Page 222 - Psychological Management of Individual Performance

206 the high performance cycle: standing the test of time
TABLE 10.1 (continued)
Author(s) and
publication date Type of paper Major findings

Carson and Carson Laboratory Self-efficacy and self-set goal difficulty was
(1993a) positively related to performance levels on a creative
task.
Earley and Lituchy Laboratory Self-efficacy and self-set goal difficulty was
(1991) positively related to performance levels.
Zimmerman et al. Field Self-efficacy and self-set goal difficulty was
(1992) positively related to performance levels.
Lerner and Locke Laboratory Self-efficacy was positively related to an individual’s
(1995) personal goals.
Berry and West Review High self-efficacy was positively related to setting of
(1993) high personal goals, selection of challenging tasks
and high performance.
Hinsz and Matz Laboratory Low self-efficacy linked to poor performance.
(1997)
Brown and Latham Field Self-efficacy was positively related to goal level, goal
(2000b) commitment and team-playing behavior in study
teams.
Seijts et al. Laboratory Reciprocal relationship found between group efficacy
(2000) and group performance.
Seijts and Latham Laboratory Group efficacy, group goal commitment, and
(2000a) outcome expectancies for cooperation were positively
related to group performance. High personal goals
that are comparable to a group’s goal enhanced group
performance, where as individual goals which
contradicted the group goal had detrimental effects.
Silver and Bufanio Laboratory Group efficacy moderated the relationship between
(1996) group goal difficulty and group performance.
Seijts and Latham Laboratory High self-efficacy was positively related to the
(2001) discovery of task relevant strategies.
Identification of strategies mediated the relationship
between self-efficacy and performance.
For complex tasks, distal learning goals led to high
goal commitment and performance more so than
assigned distal outcome goal.
Self-efficacy increased over time with a learning
goal, whereas it decreased with an outcome goal.
Do-best condition led to higher performance than
outcome goals.
Goal commitment had a main effect on performance
when all participants were trying to achieve a
difficult goal.
Button et al. Laboratory Self-efficacy maintained a consistent effect on
(1996) personal goals over time. Normative information
became more influential on personal goals over
time.