Page 515 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts

Blue biotechnology: a vision for future marine biorefineries 471

Table 21.2 Category of drugs and its major marine resources.
Category of Major resources References
drugs
Antimicrobial Cephalosporium acremonium, Streptomyces Murti and Agrawal
drugs tenjimariensi, Aspergillus tamari, (2010)
Paraphaeosphaeria sp., Cocodinium sp.,
Pseudodistoma sp.
Antiviral drugs Tethya crypta, Trididemnum sp., Alcyonium Murti and Agrawal
fauri, Disidea avara (2010)
Antimalarial Haliclona sp., Acanthella klethra, Murti and Agrawal
drugs Acanthella sp. (2010)
Antiparasital Digenia simplex Murti and Agrawal
drugs (2010)
Anticancer Tunicate, Bryozoan, Sea hare, Sponge, Kijjoa and
drugs Mollusk Sawangwong
(2004)
Antiinflamatrial Spongosporites ruetzleri, Fascaplysinopsis Murti and Agrawal
drugs sp., Sinularia sp., Capenella thyrsoidea, (2010)
Capenella thyrsoidea, Alcyonium valdivae
Analgesics Conus magus Murti and Agrawal,
drugs 2010

functionality interactions, applications, and industrial perspective regulatory issues
of a variety of marine-derived nutraceuticals has to be streamlined for the commer-
cialization in the market.

21.5.6 Cosmetics
Cosmetic industries have experienced tremendous growth over the past decades,
known to be a multibillion-dollar industry. The market is expected to grow annually
by 3.4% (CAGR 2019 23). Indian cosmetic industry is the second largest con-
sumer market, which is growing twice as fast as markets in the United States and
Europe. A makeup item, such as lipsticks, eyeshadow, or nail polish, provides a
comprehensive insight into the global cosmetics market. Globally, beauty industries
are thriving to develop diverse products from the natural source. The statistic
showed that the natural and green features are more protuberant in cosmetics, and
51% of consumers in India claimed that demand for “natural or organic” or “envi-
ronment friendly or ethical” cosmetics. In this point of view the potential for new
raw materials from the ocean is considerable. Various compounds secluded from
marine organisms show various cosmetic activities, such as photoprotection activity
on the skin, enhancing the moisturizing activity of the skin, preventing skin aging,
and skin whitening (Alparslan et al., 2018). Cosmetic compounds derived from
marine sources also used as excipients and additive in the cosmetic industry
(Guillerme et al., 2017). Table 21.3 illustrates the major marine sources, bioactive
molecules, and its applications cosmetic industry.