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References (2004) 276 EPB (1965) BS78-2 (1965) BS78-2 (2004) al. et Sadiq (2004) al. et Sadiq (2005) C600, AWWA (1965) BS78-2 (2004) al. et Sadiq (2004) al. et Sadiq (2004) al. et Sadiq (2004) al. et Sadiq (2005) C600 AWWA (2004) al. et Sadiq (2001) Marshall (2001) Marshall (200
Max 0.7 260 100,000
Dev. 18.85 3 10 27
St. 0.1 14.28 0.7 0.04 0.20 125 15,000 0.0216 0.375 0.024 20,000 200 0.18 0.5 0.08 0.06
Mean 0.45 254 16 0.235 1.32 625 105,000 0.108 1.5 0.12 412,000 6500 18.85 3 10 26 0.92 2.54 0.4 0.32
Study Min 0.35 240 30,000
Case
the Units MPa MPa N/mm 3
in mm mm mm N mm
Used
Variables corrosion Internal corrosion External corrosion Internal corrosion External
Random coefficient pipe of
Basic Pressure moment coefficient ditch elasticity coefficient coefficient length weight constant constant
of diameter thickness of of factor load load effective
Values Variable Internal Inner Wall Bending Calculation Width Modulus Defection Impact Surface Wheel Pipe Unit Soil Multiplying Exponential
5.6
TABLE Symbol P D d K m C d B d E P K d I c C t F A γ k n