Page 301 - Sustainable Cities and Communities Design Handbook

The European Union: Nordic Countries and Germany Chapter j 14 275

FIGURE 14.13 Western Harbor Malmo gov source (Malmo ¨ City Planning Office, 2015).

target energy, many buildings achieved very low energy usage (http://www.
collegepublishing.us/jgb/samples/JGB_V8N3_a02_Austin.pdf). Develop-
ment in the Western Harbor has continued with a focus on sustainability,
including the construction of 200 passive grade houses in 2012. By 2030 it
is planned to inhabit 20,000 people, with a population of almost 7000 in
2013 (Malmo ¨ City Planning Office, 2015)(Fig. 14.13).

Rotterdam
Rotterdam is the second largest city in the Netherlands with a population of
633,471. As it is located on the coast of the Netherlands, Rotterdam is
vulnerable to rising sea levels; however, it is the location of a large port, which
in turn results in the region emitting 16% of the country’s GHG emissions
while contributing to only 8.5% of the country’s GDP. About 88% of the city’s
GHG emissions come from the industry and energy-generating facilities in the
port area. In 2007 the city established the Rotterdam Climate Initiative (RCI),
bringing together the government, business, and public to achieve a more
sustainable city with the three goals of reducing GHG emission to half of 1990
levels, designing a city that can mitigate the effects of future climate change,
and achieving sustainable economic development all by 2025. Goals include:
l Provide 20% of energy by 2020 that comes from renewable sources, and by
2025 use 3 million tons of sustainably produced biomass and have
350 MW of wind turbines installed to supply energy.
l Increase the use of public transport by 40% and bicycle use by 30% by
2025.
l Encourage planting of trees, creation of green roofs, and practice of urban
farming.
l Development of carbon capture storage beginning with the Rotterdam
Capture and Storage Demonstration Project (ROAD) storing carbon into
the North Sea (City of Rotterdam, 2017).