Page 51 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management
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TABLE 2.1
Annual Production of Preserved Foods
Production line Edfina (tons) Kaha (tons)
Fruit juice 4,484 1,997
Jam 3,839 1,358
Canned vegetables 231 69
Canned beans 1,428 3,150
Frozen vegetables 812 253
Tomato paste 519 840
Other 258 109
TOTAL 11,571 7,776

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1958 on 56,000 m . After its privatization, the workforce was reduced to 600
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employees. Kaha Company was built in 1976 on 83,800 m in Qalubiya,
Egypt. The factory has a workforce of 650 employees and is privatized.
Process description
The production lines in both factories produce the following products:

• Fruit juices: Fresh fruits are received, sorted, washed and squeezed.
Then the pulp is heated, screened and mixed with other ingredients.
The mixture is heated, screened, bottled or canned then pasteurized.
• Jam: Fresh fruits are sorted, washed, peeled, cut, mixed with sugar
then steam cooked and concentrated under vacuum. Concentrate is
packed in tin cans or pots then sterilized.
• Frozen vegetables: Fresh vegetables are sorted, peeled and cut. Peeled
vegetables are then sorted, frozen and packed.
• Canned beans: Green beans are sieved, sorted, dip and spray washed,
then steam cooked, cooled, canned and sterilized.
• Tomato paste: Raw tomatoes are sorted, washed, pressed for juice
and screened. Then the juice is concentrated under vacuum and heat
treated. Paste is canned and sterilized.

The annual production of preserved food at both factories is presented in
Table 2.1. The production levels, shown in the table, are based on full capacity.
Both factories have their own canning facilities, freezing units, water
treatment facility, boiler station, quality control laboratories, refrigerators, cool-
ing towers, garages and maintenance workshops.

Energy and water consumption
The types of energy used in both factories are electricity, heavy oil, diesel fuel
and steam as shown in Tables 2.2 and 2.3. Electricity is used mainly for the