Page 52 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

Ch002-P373623.qxd 3/22/07 5:27 PM Page 33
TABLE 2.2 Cleaner Production 33
Annual Electricity and Boiler Fuel Consumption

Edfina Kaha
Electricity (kWh) 5.95 million 2.78 million
Boiler fuel oil (tons) 2,419 1,890

TABLE 2.3
Steam Usage in Kaha Factory

% of steam
Concentration 75
Sterilization 14
Cooking 11

TABLE 2.4
Water Consumption in Both Factories (per Annum)
Edfina Kaha

Water consumption 700,000 m 3 936,000 m 3
Water use
Process and washing 41% 67%
Cooling 42% 32%
Domestic use 17%

TABLE 2.5
Water Sources and Discharges

3
Source of water Discharge (m /y) Discharge destination
Kaha Groundwater 784,680 Drain canal
Edfina Water from municipality 520,000 Public sewer network

machines in the industrial process, process control and lighting. Heavy oil is
used mainly as a boiler fuel (Kaha was in the process of changing its boiler
fuel from heavy oil to diesel because it is close to a residential area). Diesel
is also used for vehicles, varnishing and the printing plant. Concerning the
steam generation, at Edfina Company there are two boilers (12 ton/h) each and
at Kaha Company four boilers (3 12 ton/h and 1 6 ton/h). The annual
water consumption and use in both factories are shown in Table 2.4. Two
sources of water were used as shown in Table 2.5: one from groundwater and
one from municipality.