Page 193 - The Professionalisation of Political Communication Chaning Media, Changing Europe Volume 3

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Sweden 81, 88–90 Hungary 165–6 The Table for Italy (Il Tavolo per
see also opinion polls Netherlands 106–7 l’Italia) 18, 118
Poole, Lord Oliver 51 see also focus groups; polls talk shows, and politicians 135–6
Powell, Chris 55 responsibility 19–20 Tangentopoli (bribery city) 112
power 184–5 Rijksvoorlichtingsdienst see Tarki 165
press see newspapers National Communication and Il Tavolo per l’Italia (The Table for
press agents, Italy 115–16 Information Service Italy) 18, 118
press offices, Greece 138 Riksdag (Swedish Parliament) 82 telepolitics 132
press subsidy system, Sweden 83 RPR see Rassemblement pour la televised debates
professionalisation 9–13, 17–18, République France 147, 148, 151
28–9, 32–3, 43, 91–3, 108, 180–6 Rutelli, Francesco 17, 121 Greece 133–4
analysis 35–7 RVD see National Communication Hungary 170
Britain 15, 17, 42, 49–50, 60 and Information Service RVD television use
dangers 22–4, 171 (Rijksvoorlichtingsdienst) France 150, 151
definitions 10, 29, 34, 43, 74 Germany 68–74
degrees of 50 Saatchi, Maurice 58–9 Greece 127–8, 132–6, 139
and democracy 179–80 Sarcozy, Nicolas 158 Hungary 164, 173–4
France 146–59 Saying and Acting (Leyein kai Italy 115
Germany 19, 71, 76–7 Prattein), Greece 131 Netherlands 99–100
Greece 19, 132–6, 140–1 SCA see Shadow Communications Sweden 84–5, 92–3
history 30–31 Agency Themelis, Nikos 131, 132
Hungary 164–7 Schröder, Gerhard 17, 72, 73, 76 traditional politicos 124
Italy 42, 116–18, 123 Séguéla, Jacques 129, 145, 148, Trainee Organiser Scheme (Britain)
as management of change 49 149–50, 154, 155 42
meaning 28–35 semi-professional field 123 transparency
and modernisation 14–15 Service d’Information Gouvernment France 150
Netherlands 105, 108 (Government Information Netherlands 104–5
and outsiders 12–13 Service), France 149 trivialisation 116–17
of politicians 12–13, 38, 181 Shadow Communications Agency trust 183–4
problems with use of term 34 (SCA), Britain 55
similarities and differences 15–24 Simitis, Costas 131–2, 133, 138 UDF see Union pour la Démocratie
Sweden 90, 93–4 social change 12, 63–5 Française (UDF)
see also organisational change; Social Democratic Party (SPD), l’Ulivo (The Olive Tree) 119
political communication; Germany 66–7 UMP see Union pour un
political parties centralisation 18, 69 Mouvement Populaire (UMP)
professionalism 34, 35–7, 119–22 election campaigns 13, 68, 70–4 Union pour la Démocratie Française
The Professionalisation of Political Communication
professionals 29–30, 115, 123–4 ‘Kampa’13, 70–1 (UDF), France 153
identity 41–3, 57–60, 149–50 positioning 71–2 Union pour un Mouvement
influence 15, 42, 43 professionalisation 15, 71 Populaire (UMP), France 153
and political parties 13, 17–19, Social Democratic Party, Sweden 81, United States 17, 30, 40 see also
37–8, 41–3, 48, 53–4, 59, 89–90 88, 89 Americanisation
see also outsiders Social Democrats (PvdA),
propagandists 30–1 Netherlands 105, 106–7 Varvitsiotis, Yannis 139
public information campaigns Socialist Party, France 153, 154–5 Vision Consulting 175
104–5 see also political Socialist Party, Greece see PASOK Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en
communication Socialist Party, Hungary 165, 166, Democratie (VVD), Netherlands 105
public relations 30–3, 49–50 170–2 voters see electorate
public relations government 172 source professionalisation 32 VVD see Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en
Pulitalia 116 SPD see Social Democratic Party, Democratie
Germany
The quiet strength (La force specialisation 35, 37, 70–1 ‘war rooms’9, 13, 31, 56 see also
tranquille) 145, 148 Spiliotopoulos, Aris 131 Kampa
spiral of science theory 68–9 Weber, Ron 174
Radunski, Peter 72 Spot Thompson 131 Wermer, András 168, 173
Raffarin, Jean-Pierre 158–9 Spreng, Michael 73–4 Woolton, Frederick James Marquis,
Rassemblement pour la République Stephanopoulos, Constantine 139 1st Baron 51–2
(RPR), France 158 Stoiber, Edmund 73–74
Reece, Gordon 54 stretched and stricts 103 Young Democrats Alliance of Young
reflexive modernity 43 Századvég (End of the Century), Democrats 165–9, 171–3
Hungary 168–9
192 Reppas, Dimitris 131 Szonda Ipsos 165
research