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from the existence of software libraries and design tools. When using a PLC the cost of the purchased hardware
will always be higher per unit. The development costs for an embedded computer will usually be higher,
but these become minimal when amortized over a large number of units. As a result, embedded controllers
are typically selected for applications that will be mass-produced and allow a greater development time,
such as a toy robot. PLCs are often selected for applications that only require a few controllers and are
to be completed in a relatively short time, such as the production machines to make a toy.

References

1.Bryan, L.A., Bryan, E.A., Programmable Controllers, Industrial Text and VideoCompany, 1997.
2.Filer, R., Leinonen, G., Programmable Controllers and Designing Sequential Logic, Saunders College
Publishing, 1992.
3.Lewis, R.W., Programming Industrial Control Systems using IES1131-3, The Institution of Electrical
Engineers, 1998.
4.Petruzella, F., Programmable Logic Controllers, Second Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1998.
5.Programmable Controllers—Part 3: Programming Languages, IEC 61131-3 Ed. 1.0, 1993.
6.Stenerson, J., Fundamentals of Programmable Logic Controllers, Sensors and Communications, Prentice-
Hall, 1998.
7.Webb, J.W., Reis, R.A., Programmable Logic Controllers, Principles and Applications, Prentice-Hall, 1995.

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