Page 396 - Thermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions

396 Index

Reaction equations chemical,/biochemica1 thermodynamics, 89-90
biochemical reactions, matrix equations, 95--97 chemical equations as matrix equations, 91 - 95
chemical reactions, matrix equations, 90 95 glycolysis reactions, 115-1 17
Reaction Gibbs energy, aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium water reactants, Legendre transform calculations.
constant derivation, 36-38 107- 108
Reaction volume, aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium, net biochemical reactions, matrix multiplication, 106- 107
41-43 Sums of species
Reciprocal effects, ATP binding of hydrogen and magnesium biochemical thermodynamics, 3
ions, 11 equilibrium constants, research background, 1 ~ 2
Reduction potentials
nitrogenase reaction, 165 167 T
oxidation-reduction reactions, 156- 158 Tempcraturc effects
half-reactions with multiple species at specified pH, aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium, thermodynamic
163-165 properties, 47-49
single species at specified pH, 158- 162 biochemical reactions at specified pH, transformed
thermodynamic properties, 73-74
calorimetry of biochemical reactions, 176- 177
S Tet ramen
hemoglobin, oxygen binding by, 122- 124
Sackur-Tetrode equation, thermodynamic potentials. partial dissociation into dimers, 127- 129
monatomic ideal gas, 33-34 Thermodynamic potentials
Second law of thermodynamics Legelidre transforms for, 26-30
entropy and, 19 -20 monatomic ideal gas, derivatives, 32-34
internal energy equations, 21-24 properties of, 20
Semigrand ensemble partition function single-phase systems, one species, 30~ 32
biochemical reactions, coenzyme concentrations, 183 I84 Thermodynamics
future research issues, 184-185 aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium, 38-43
pseudoisomer groups at specified pH, 183 biochemical species, thermodynamic tables, 49 55
research background, 179- 180 isomer groups, 44-46
single species single-phase systems, thermodynamic temperature effects, 47-49
potentials, 31 32 biochemical reactions
statistical mechanics, 179- 181 research background, 2-3
transformed Gibbs energy, weak acid systems at specified specified pH
pH, 181-183 apparent equilibrium constant. 63--65
Semipermeable membrane. See also Membranc permeability fundamental equation, 58- 62
aqueous systems, two-phase systems, chemical Gibbs-Duhem equation, degrees of freedom. and
reaction, 144- 145 equilibrium criterion, 70 71
Single ion, membrane permeability with, two-phase aqueous Gibbs energy tansformations, apparent equilibrium
systems constants, 74 - 76
chemical reaction, 146- 147 hydrogen ion binding, 71-72
phase equilibrium. 145- 146 ionic strength, transformed properties tables, 76-86
transformed Gibbs energy, 148 magnesium ion binding, 72-73
Single-phase systems. Legendre transforms for thermodynamic pseudoisomer groups, 68- 69
potentials, 27-30 rcaction plots, 86-88
Single species single-phase systcms. thermodynamic potentials, species/reactants, transformed properties. 65~- 66
30 ~32 temperature effects, 73-74
Single species two-phase systems, aqueous systems, phase transformed properties, 66-68
equilibrium, 142 - 143 conjugate properties, 32
Species formation, calorimetric measurements, transformed equilibrium constants, research background, 1 ~ 2
enthalpy of reaction from, 172- 174 Gibbs-Duhem equation and phase rule. 25-26
Standard chemical potential, aqueous systems, chemical intcrnal encrgy equation, 21 24
equilibrium constant derivation, 37- 38 laws and principles, 19 20
~
Statistical mechanics, scmigrand ensemble partition function, Legendre transforms, additional potentials, 26 30
179- 18 1 matrices, chemical and biochehical reactions
Stoichionietric numbers biochemical matrix equations, 95-97
biochemical reactions at specified pH, apparent equilibrium biochemical reaction coupling, 97 99
constant derivation, 63 65 chemical matrix cquations, 90-95
equilibrium calculations, biochemical reaction systems, chemical reaction systems, fundamental equations.
109- 110 99-101
ma trices fundamental equations, biological rcaction systems.
biochemical coupling reactions, 97~ 99 10 1 -~ 102
biochemical equations as matrix equations, 96- 97 linear algebra operations, 103