Page 393 - Thermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions

Index 393

multiple species reactants at specified pH, 163-165 chemical equilibrium, 46-47
nitrogenase reaction, 165- 167 constant derivation, 37- 38
research background, 155- 156 molar properties, electric potential effects, 148- 149
single species at specified pH, 158-162 thermodynamic tables, biochemical species, 49-55
Hamiltonian equation, Legendre transforms for biochemical reactions at specified pH
thermodynamic potentials, 26-30 binding calculations, 71 ~-72
Heat capacity of reaction gluconeogenesis, 82, 84
aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium, 41 -43 glycolysis, 82-83
isomer group thermodynamics, 46 half-reactions and hydrogen ion binding, 168- 170
calorimetry. 171 - 172 pyruvate dehydrogenase, citric acid cycle, and net
temperature effects, 176 - 177 rcaction, 82, 85
Helmholtz energy, Legendre transforms for thermodynamic thermodynamic properties’ plots, 86-88
potentials, 26-30 transformed thermodynamic properties, 65-66
Hemoglobin tetramers transformed thermodynamic properties at 298.15 K,
fractional saturation, apparent equilibrium constant tables of standards, 76-86
determination, 129-132 oxidation-reduction reactions
oxygen binding, 122-124 basic equations, 157--158
Henry’s law constants, carbon dioxide equilibrium methane monooxygenase reaction, 162- 163
distribution, gas phase and aqueous solution, 151- single species at specified pH, 158-162
152 Isomer group thermodynamics, aqueous systems, chemical
High polymers, phase separation in aqueous systems with, equilibrium, 44- 46
152- 153 Isothermal-isobaric partition function
Hydrogen ions semigrand ensemble partition function and, I80 - 181
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) binding, 5- 11 single species single-phase systems, thcrmodynamic
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis, 13- 15 potentials, 31-32
binding of, half-reactions at specified pH, 167~ 170
biochemical reactions at specified pH
binding calculations, 71 -72 L
gluconeogenesis, ionic strength, 82, 84
glycolysis, ionic strength, 82-83 La Chatelier’s principle
pyruvate dehydrogenase, citric acid cycle, and net aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium, isomer group
reaction, ionic strength, 82, 85 thermodynamics, 46
transformed thermodynamic properties, 65-66 ATP hydrolysis, hydrogen and magnesium ion production,
caloritnetric measurements, transformed enthalpy of 15
reaction from species formation, 173- 174 Lagrangian functions
protein-ligand equilibria, pH lcvels and, 136- 138 equilibrium calculations, biochemical reaction systems,
Hydrolysis 109-110
adenosine triphosphate (ATP), hydrogen and magnesium Legendre transforms for thermodynamic potentials. 26-30
ion production, 13- 15 Laplace transforms, semigrand ensemble partition function,
biochemical coupling reactions, matrix equations, 98-99 weak acid systems as specific pH, 182- 183
chemical equations as matrix equations, 94 95 Legendre transforms
Gibbs energy changes, 2 biochemical reactions
nitrogenase reaction, 165- 167 composition calculations, 1 1 1 - 1 14
specified pH, 58-62
apparent equilibrium constant derivation, 63-65
I general principles, 105
Gibbs-Duhem equation, 70-71
Identity matrices, chemical equations as matrix equations, magnesium ion binding calculations, 72-73
92-95 transformed Gibbs energy, apparent equilibrium
Independent variable, biochemical reactions at specified pH, constant derivation, 74-76
59-62 water reactants, 107T108
Tnexact function, Maxwell equation, 25 biochemical thermodynamics, Gibbs free energies, 3
Integrated fundamental equation, Legendre transforms for conjugate pairs, extensive/intensive properties. 32
thermodynamic potentials, 28-30 internal energy equation, 22-~ 24
Intensive thermodynamic properties matrix equations
chemical potential, 23 biochemical coupling reactions, 99
defined, 21 biochemical fundamental equations, 102
Internal energy principles of, 20
first law of thermodynamics, 19-20 thermodynamic potentials, 26-30
fundamental equation for, 21-24 single species single-phase systems, 30-32
Ionic strength transformed Gibbs energy, specified oxygen concentration.
aqueous systems, 3-5 125-127