Page 395 - Thermodynamics of Biochemical Reactions

Index 395

half-reactions basic equations, 157- 158
hydrogen ion binding at specified pH, 167- 170 single species at specified pH, 158 ~ 162
multiple spccics reactants at specified pH, 163- 165 oxygen binding, hemoglobin tetrarmers, 122- 124
methane monooxygenase reaction, 162- 163 protein-ligand equilibria, 134-138
nitrogenase reaction, 165- 167 semigrand ensemble partition function
research background, 155-156 two pseudoisomer groups, 183
single-species at specified pH, 158- 162 weak acid systems, 181-183
Oxygen Phosphate compounds, glycolysis reactions, 115-1 17
hemoglobin tetramers, binding by, 122- 124 Planck’s constants, thermodynamic potcntials, monatomic
transformed Gibbs energy, specified concentration, 125 127 ideal gas, 33-34
pMg levels, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), hydrogen and
magnesium ion production, 14-15
P Proteins, hgand binding thermodynamics
diprotic acid dissociation, 132- 133
Partial dissociation, tetramers into dimers, 127- 129 equilibrium constants, determination, 129- 132
Pathway matrix, biochemical reactions oxygen binding, hemoglobin tetramers, 122-- 124
linear equations, 107 pH levels, 134-138
matrix multiplication, net reactions, 106- 107 research background, 121 -122
Phase equilibrium, aqueous systems tetramer-to-dimer partial dissociation, 127 129
carbon dioxide equilibrium, gas phase/aqueous solution transformed Gibbs energy
distribution, 150G152 fumarasc catalysis, 138-139
high polymers, 152- 153 oxygen concentrations, 125-127
molar properties of ions, electric potentials, 148- 149 Pseudoisomers
research background, 141-142 biochemical reactions at specified pH, 61-62
two-phase systems apparent equilibrium constant derivation, 63--65
chemical reaction, membrane permeability, single ion, species and reactants, transformed thermodynamic
146- 147 properties, 65-66
transformed Gibbs energy, 148 thermodynamic reactions. 68- 69
chemical reaction and semipermeable membrane, 144 calorimetry, transformed entropy of biochemical reactions,
145 174-175
membrane permeability, single ion, 145 146 composition calculations, I1 1-1 14
no chemical reaction, 142 -~ 143 equilibrium calculations, biochemical reaction systems,
Phase rule 109.- 110
aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium, Gibbs-Duhem semigrand ensemble partition function
equation, 43-44 coenzyme concentrations, 183- 184
Gibbs-Duhem equation, 25-26 two-system groups at specified pH, 183
pH levels weak acid systems as specific pH, 181 183
ATP binding of hydrogen and magnesium ions, 9- 11 transformed Gibbs energy, specified oxygen concentration.
biochemical reactions 125- 127
apparent equilibrium constants, 1 1 - 13 Pyruvate dehydrogenase, biochemical reactions at specified
matrix equations, 95-97 PH
biochemical thermodynamics, 2-3 apparent equilibrium constants, 82, 85
apparent equilibrium constant, 63-65 transformed Gibbs energies, 82, 84
fundamental equation, 58-62
Gibbs-Duhem equation, degrees of freedom, and
equilibrium criterion, 70-71
Gibbs energy tansformations, apparent equilibrium R
constants, 74-76
hydrogen ion binding, 7 1-72 Reactants
ionic strength, transformed properties tables, 76-86 biochemical equations as matrix equations, 97
magnesium ion binding, 72- 73 biochemical reactions at specified pH
pseudoisomcr groups, 68- 69 half-reactions with multiple species at specified pH.
reaction plots, 86-88 163-165
species/reactants, transformed properties, 65-66 hydrogen ions, binding calculations, 71 72
temperature effects, 73-74 Legendre transform calculations for water reactants,
transformed properties, 66 --68 107-108
equilibrium constants, research background, 1-2 transformed thermodynamic properties, 65-66
half-reactions at specified pH table of ionic strengths, 79-81
hydrogen ion binding, 167-170 calorimetric measurements, transformed enthalpy of
multiple species reactants, 163-165 reaction from species formation, 173- 174
ionic strength and, 4-5 Reaction entropy, aqueous systems, chemical equilibrium,
oxidation-reduction reactions 41-43