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Chapter 2 Collaboration Information Systems
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The particular tools used depend on the ways that the team communicates, as summarized
in Figure 2-8. Synchronous communication occurs when all team members meet at the same
time, such as with conference calls or face-to-face meetings. Asynchronous communication
occurs when team members do not meet at the same time. Employees who work different shifts at
the same location or team members who work in different time zones around the world must meet
asynchronously.
The Ethics Guide on pages 92–93 Most student teams attempt to meet face to face, at least at first. Arranging such meetings is
addresses some of the ethical always difficult, however, because student schedules and responsibilities differ. If you are going
challenges that arise when team to arrange such meetings, consider creating an online group calendar in which team members
members have opposing viewpoints.
post their availability, week by week. Also, use the meeting facilities in Microsoft Outlook to issue
invitations and gather RSVPs. If you don’t have Outlook, use an Internet site such as Evite (www.
evite.com) for this purpose.
For most face-to-face meetings, you need little; the standard Office applications or their free-
ware lookalikes, such as LibreOffice, will suffice. However, research indicates that face-to-face

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