Page 409 - Volcano and Geothermal Tourism

Index 375

Steam vents 15, 17–18, 24, 152, 197, 279, 290–291 T
Steffelnkopf Volcano 283
Stony rise flow 307–308 Taal, Philippines 13, 187–191, 195, 351
Stony Rises 305, 310, 314 Tabacón 98
Strainmeters 165 Tagdo Hot Springs 194
Strokkur, Iceland 210, 212 Taisho eruption 148
Stromboli 13, 86, 221–222, 224–225, 227, 229, 231–232, Taiwan 187, 202–203, 344
322, 335, 353 Tambora, Indonesia 14, 350
Strombolian eruption 5–7, 101, 222, 322, 336, 352 Tanganyika 35–36
Study tours 3, 353 Tangiwai disaster 291, 295–296, 299
Subaerial volume 272 Tangkuban Parahu 131
Subaqueous volcano 4, 14 Tangob Hot Springs 194
Subducted basaltic crust 190, 193 Tanna Island, Vanuatu 12, 31, 322–323
Subduction 94, 97, 100–101, 121, 125, 131, 157–158, 163, Tanzania 4, 13, 23, 25, 33, 59–63, 86, 335, 344, 346
187, 189–190, 193, 195–196, 200, 277, 290, 322, 324 Taormina, Sicily 222, 228
Subduction component 193, 195 Tarawera, NZ 13, 16, 289, 291, 299, 325–326, 328, 335,
Sub-glacial volcano 14 352, 360
Submarine volcanoes 210, 290, 322, 347 Tarumae 155
Sub-plinian eruption 235 Tatio Geyser 102, 349
Subsoil 164, 253 Tatio Graben 102
Subterranean 10, 14, 69–70, 76 Tatio volcanics 102
Sulphate aerosol 79 Taupo, NZ 14, 109, 289–291, 294, 296–297, 299–301, 324,
Sulphur banks 24 328, 352, 359
Sulphur deposits 132 Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) 289, 291, 328
Sulphur dioxide (SO ) 41, 79, 146, 293 Te Maari Crater 291
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Sulphur mining 293, 325 Te Wairoa 325
Sulphurous gas 47 Tectonic hotspots 39
Sulphurous odours 326 Tectonic plates 94, 100, 115, 157, 187, 212, 215, 269, 272,
Sulu Trench 187 290
Sumatra 8, 14, 131, 138, 141, 200–201 Tectonic vulnerability 163
Summit crater 13, 46, 55, 57, 95, 100, 104, 144, 181–182, Tehran 180–184
221, 272, 349, 352, 354 Tehuantepec Ridge 125
Sunda Island Arc 14 Teide National Park 8–9, 276
Sunda Strait 200–201 Teide, Spain
Sunrise Peak 173 Temperature gradient 14
Super volcano 11, 14, 27 Temporary visitors 6, 10, 15, 20–21, 334, 338–339, 345
Superheated water 198, 213 Tengchong, Yunnan Province 202–203, 205, 349
Surtsey 8, 14, 173, 179, 209–210, 215–217, 253 Tephra 16–17, 24, 78, 80–81, 103, 121, 173, 217–218, 224,
Surtsey eruption 216 229, 246, 282, 290–291, 296, 299
Survey 12, 136–137, 139, 141, 144, 155, 165, 226–227, Tephra deposits 24
232, 235–236, 244, 246, 283, 295, 320, 334–336, 339 Tephra fall 16, 103, 229, 246
Survey findings 144 Tephra fragments 80
Sustainable conditions 137 Terrigenous sediment 190
Sustainable development 84, 94, 117, 141, 204, 215, 219, Tessellated pavements 314
267, 282 The Golden Circle, Iceland 210–211, 220
Sustainable environment 25, 205 The Hummock 316
Sustainable geotourism 131, 308 The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) 143, 155
Sustainable Local Economic Development 205 Theme park 87, 142, 247, 252–254, 258, 323
Sustainable tourism 3, 25, 77, 93–94, 134, 139–141, 231, Thera, Greece 277
233, 245, 271, 349 Thermal activity 114, 121, 155
Sustainable trail management 137, 140–141 Thermal burns 16–18, 202, 279, 347
Sustainable use 25 Thermal resorts 252
Suwanosejima, Japan 155 Thermal spring 3, 10, 23, 79, 184–185, 203, 255, 277
Svartsengi, Iceland 213, 219 Thermal waterfalls 155
Swimming in Antarctica 329 Þingvellir, Iceland 210–211, 219
Switzerland 166, 187, 248 Threats 70–71, 127, 135, 167, 234, 309–310
Sylvite 49, 51 Three-dimensional ground motion 165
Symbology 336 Tibet 180, 202–203
Symmetrical volcano 193 Tigray 45

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