Page 425 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

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396 Waste Management Practices: Municipal, Hazardous, and Industrial
o-Dichlorobenzene F002
Ethanol D001
2-Ethoxyethanol F005
Ethylene dichloride D001
Isobutanol F005
Isopropanol D001
Kerosene D001
Methyl ethyl ketone F005
Methylene chloride F001, F002
Naphtha D001
Nitrobenzene F004
2-Nitrobenzene F004
Petroleum solvents D001
(flashpoint < 140°F)
Pyridine F005
1,1,1-Trichloroethane F001, F002
1,1,2-Trichloroethane F002
Tetrachloroethylene F001, F002
(perchloroethylene)
Toluene F005
Trichloroethylene F001, F002
Trichlorofluoromethane F002
Trichlorotrifluoroethane (Valclene) F002
White spirits D001
In the dry cleaning industries, filtration residues such as cooked powder residue (perchloroeth-
ylene plants), still residues, and spent cartridge filters containing perchloroethylene or valclene are
hazardous and have the waste code “F002.” Still residues containing petroleum solvents with a
flashpoint less than 60°C (140°F) are considered hazardous and have the waste code “D001.”
Acids, bases, or corrosive mixtures (40 CFR 261.22) have the waste code “D002.” The follow-
ing are some of the more commonly used corrosives:

Acetic acid
Ammonium hydroxide
Oleum
Chromic acid
Hydrobromic acid
Hydrochloric acid
Hydrofluoric acid
Nitric acid
Perchloric acid
Phosphoric acid
Potassium hydroxide
Sodium hydroxide
Sulfuric acid
Heavy metals and other inorganic wastes are considered hazardous if the extract from a repre-
sentative sample of the waste (see discussion of TCLP, Chapter 11) has any of the specific con-
stituent concentrations as shown in 40 CFR 262.24 (see Table 11.3). Waste sources include dusts,
solutions, wastewater treatment sludges, paint wastes, and waste inks. The following are common
heavy metals and inorganics:
Arsenic D004
Barium D005
Cadmium D006
Chromium D007