Page 391 - Water and wastewater engineering

10-8 WATER AND WASTEWATER ENGINEERING

The Ideal Sedimentation Basin. Camp (1936) proposed a rational theory for removal of dis-
cretely settling particles in an ideal settling basin. The ideal settling basin theory assumes the
following:

• Type I settling.
• Four zones in the basin: inlet, outlet, sludge, and settling.
• Even distribution of flow (uniform horizontal velocity) entering the settling zone.

• Even distribution of flow leaving the settling zone.
• Uniform distribution of particles through the depth of the inlet zone end of the settling zone.
• Particles that enter the sludge zone are captured and remain in the sludge zone.
• Particles that enter the outlet zone are not removed from the water.

Figure 10-4 is a schematic drawing of the zones in a horizontal flow clarifier and in an upflow

clarifier.

Target
baffle
Perforated baffle Effluent
weir
Q
Settling
zone

Inlet Outlet
zone zone
Sludge zone

(a)
Q
Outlet
zone

Settling
zone

Inlet
zone
Sludge zone

(b)
FIGURE 10-4
Zones of sedimentation: ( a ) horizontal flow clarifier; ( b ) upflow clarifier.
( Source: Davis and Cornwell, 2008.)