Page 317 - Materials Chemistry, Second Edition

298 Index

Biogas energy and WWTP, 24–25, 54 Composting, 188
Biological characteristics, of wastewater, 11 Compost sludge, 186
Biological oxygen demand (BOD), 14 Contaminants, 4–9
Biological treatment, of pharmaceutical agricultural runoff, 8–9
effluents, 129–131 dyes, 7–8
aerobic treatment, 130–131 endocrine disrupting compounds, 9
activated sludge process, 130 microbial, 8
membrane bioreactors (MBRs), 130–131 toxic heavy metals, 4–7
anaerobic treatment, 131 antimony, 7
combination process, 131 arsenic, 6
Bio-oil, 55 cadmium, 5
Bio-oxidation, 151 chromium, 6
Biopharmaceuticals, 152 cobalt, 7
Bioremediation, 141, 152 copper, 6–7
Biosolids, 51–52, 53–54, 142, 150 lead, 4–5
Black paste (BP), 82, 83 mercury, 5
BOD, see Biological oxygen demand (BOD) nickel, 5
BP, see Black paste (BP) zinc, 6
Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa Contaminants of rising concern (CRC), 118
(BRICS), 252 Continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR),
BSTFA, see N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl) 271, 275
trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) Conventional activated sludge (CAS), 130, 277
BSTRs, see Batch stirred tank Copper, 6–7
reactors (BSTRs) Council Directive 91/271/EEC, 23, 39
Bureau of Indian Standards, 5, 7 CP, see Composting plants (CP)
Cradle to gate approach, 82
Cadmium, 5, 15 CRC, see Contaminants of rising
Calcite, 205 concern (CRC)
Carbonyl dyes and pigments, 95–96 Critical micelle concentration (CMC), 236
CAS, see Conventional activated CSTR, see Continuous stirred-tank
sludge (CAS) reactor (CSTR)
Catalytic ozonation, 100 Cut-off approach, see Zero burden,
Cementation, 239–240 concept of
Centrate and liquid waste streams, 52–53 Cytochrome P450 oxidases, 147
Char, 56
Chemical adsorption, 235 DAD, see Diode-array detector (DAD)
Chemical characteristics, of wastewater, 10–11 Digestate, 53, 54
Chemical oxygen demand (COD), 100, 128–129 Digested sludge, 186, 290
Chemical precipitation, 202, 204, 230–233 Diode-array detector (DAD), 185
Chromium, 6 Diseases
Climatic change, 12 bacterial, 15
CMC, see Critical micelle concentration (CMC) parasitic infection, 16
CML model, 257–258 viral, 15–16
CML 2000 model, 81, 85, 87 Dissolved oxygen, 13–14
Coagulation, 237 Distillation, 59
Cobalt, 7 Drinking water contamination, 2–3
COD, see Chemical oxygen demand (COD) Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs), 146
Color, 9 Dyes, 7–8, 16, 94
Colorants classification, 94, 95–97 DyPs, see Dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs)
aryl carbonium ion dyes, 96
azo dyes and pigments, 95 Eco-Indicator model, 258
carbonyl dyes and pigments, 95–96 Ecoinvent v2, 80
nitro dyes, 97 Ecotoxicological risk assessment, 191–192
phthalocyanines, 96 EC-TGD, see European Technical Guidance
polyene and polymethine dyes, 96 Document (EC-TGD)
sulfur dyes, 96–97 EDC, see Endocrine disrupting
Color Index, 94 compounds (EDC)