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210 A COmPrehenSIVe GUIDe TO SOlAr enerGy SySTemS
FIGURE 9.31 The PV modules cost development in the period 2009–17.
The cost development in the period 2009–17 is demonstrated in Fig. 9.31. In the future,
further progress can be achieved by new processes, new tools based on these processes,
new materials, and new designs of products. At present, PV systems operating with c-Si
modules seem to be the optimum system for producing low-cost electrical energy and are
expected to remain dominant in the field of PVs over the next 5 years, ensuring the long-
term competitiveness of PV power generation [4,47].
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