Page 315 - Advanced English Grammar in Use
P. 315

Key to exercises
      Key to  exercises


               The influence of Picasso on   a  teachers ('the teachers'   /  (If we say  'the university,
              4 4  The  influence  of  Picasso  on   8 8  a  teachers  (‘the  teachers’   7 7  /  (if  we  say  'the  university,
               modern art has been          would suggest a particular    we assume that the hearer
               modern  art  has  been
                                                                          we  assume  that  the  hearer
                                            would  suggest  a  particular
               substantial.                 group of teachers rather than  knows which particular
               substantial.
                                                                          knows  which  particular
                                            group  of  teachers  rather  than
               or The influence on modern art  'all teachers');  b b  Teachers   university we are talking
                                                         Teachers
                                                                          university  we  are  talking
               or  The  influence  on  modern  art
                                            ‘all  teachers');
               of Picasso has been substantial.                           about; perhaps it is the local
                                                                          about;  perhaps  it  is  the  local
               of  Picasso  has  been  substantial.
                                           60.2
                                           60.2
               The importance of Crogan's
                                                                          university.  With  zero  article
              5 5  The  importance  of  Crogan's                          university. With zero article - -
                                             The white rhinoceros
                                           1 1  The  white  rhinoceros
               discovery should not be      The bicycle / A bicycle       which seems more likely here
                                                                          which  seems  more  likely  here
               discovery  should  not  be
               underestimated.             2 2  The  bicycle  /  A  bicycle   - we mean something like 'she
               underestimated.
                                                                          -  we  mean  something  like  'she
                                            The development of the
                                           3 3  The  development  of  the
               The completion of the bridge
                                                                          is studying French at at
              6 6  The  completion  of  the  bridge                       is  studying  French
                                            railway
               was delayed by the bad       railway                       university level'.)
                                                                          university  level'.)
               was  delayed  by  the  bad
                                            The fridge / A fridge
               weather.                    4 4  The  fridge  /  A  fridge   8 8  the  school
                                                                          the school
               weather.
                                            a letter
                                           5 5  a  letter
                                                                          /
                                                                            ('the theatre' is also
                                                                         9 9  /  (‘the  theatre’  is  also
                                            the ball-point pen
                                           6 6  the  ball-point  pen      possible, but less likely here)
                                                                          possible,  but  less  likely  here)
                                            The experienced test pilot / An
                    59                     7 7  The  experienced  test  pilot / An   the hospital
               UNIT 59                      experienced test pilot      10 10  the  hospital
               UNIT
                                            experienced  test  pilot
                                                                        11 ll   / /
                                            The Jumbo Jet
              59.1                         8 8  The  Jumbo  Jet         12 /  (the  prison’  would  be
              59.1
                                                                                         be
                                                                           /
                                                                            ('the prison' would
                                                                        12
                                            The credit card / A credit card
                     (
                some
                   : (/sAm/)
              1 1  some: (/sam/)           9 9  The  credit  card  /  A  credit  card   referring to a particular
                                                                          referring  to  a  particular
                some I
                   : (/ssm/)
              2 2  some:(/sam/)            60.3                           prison known to the hearer)
                                           60.3
                                                                          prison  known  to  the  hearer)
              3 3  -  -                    The most likely answers are
                                           The  most  likely  answers  are
                   : (/sam/)
                some I
                                                                        61.3
              4 4  some:  (/sem/)         given.                        61.3
                                          given.
                                                                          Karl Marx (although other
                some I
                   : (/SAm/)
              5 5  some:(/sam/)           A camera is a piece of equipment  1 1  Karl  Marx  (although  other
                                           A  camera  is  a  piece  of  equipment
              6 6  -  -                    used for taking photographs. The  answers are possible)
                                                                         answers  are  possible)
                                           used  for  taking  photographs.  The
                                                                         John F. Kennedy
              7 7  -  -                   camera lets in light (or the light)  2 2  John  F.  Kennedy
                                           camera  lets  in  light  (or  the  light)
                                                                         Elvis Presley (although other
                    (/sam/)
                some I
              8 8  some ((/som/)           from an image in front of it and  3 3  Elvis  Presley  (although  other
                                           from  an  image  in  front  of  it  and
                                                                         answers  are  possible)
                - ; -                                                    answers are possible)
              9 9  -;-                     directs the light onto
                                           directs  the  light  onto
                some
              10 10  some  (/sanv}         photographic film. The light has
                                           photographic  film.  The  light  has
                some (/SAm/)
              11 some  (/sam/)             an effect on the chemicals (or on
              11
                                           an  effect  on  the  chemicals  (or  on
                                                                         UNIT 62
              12 -  -                     chemicals) which cover the film  UNIT   62
              12
                                           chemicals)  which  cover  the  film
                                           and forms a picture on it. When
              59.2                         and  forms  a  picture  on  it.  When   62.1
              59.2
                                                                        62.1
                                          the film is developed it is washed
                                           the  film  is  developed  it  is  washed
                                                                                a;
                                                                                    the/ -
                                                                                         (If we
                                                                                   c
              1 1   / /                   in chemicals which make the   l a - ;  b ba;  c  the/-  (ifwe
                                                                        la-~;
               Some medicines              in  chemicals  which  make  the   use zero article here, we mean
             2 2  Some  medicines         picture permanent. It is then  use  zero  article  here,  we  mean
                /                         picture  permanent.  It  is  then   'last Monday', and the accident
             3 3  V¢                      possible to print the picture onto  ‘last  Monday’,  and  the  accident
             4 4  /  /                    possible  to  print  the  picture  onto   occurred at some time between
                                                                         occurred  at  some  time  between
                                          photographic paper.
                /                         photographic  paper.           then and now.)
             5 5  Vv                                                     then  and  now.)
                /                                                        a  the;   a;      -
             6 67                                                       2 2  a  the;   b b  a   c c  -
               some water
                                                                                   the;
             7 7  some  water                                           3 a - ;  b b  the;   c ca  a
                                                                        3a-;
               some people                       61                      a  a;     the;   the/-
                                            UNIT
             8 8  some  people              UNIT 61                     4 4aa;   b b  the;   c c  the/-
               Some books                                                a  the/-;  a;    the
                                           61.1
             9 9  Some  books                                           5 5  a  the/-;   b ba;   c c  the
                                           61.1
             59.3                          1 1  the   2 2  the   3 3a  a  62.2
                                             the
                                                    the
                                                                        62.2
             59.3
                                                    the
                                             the
               same
             1 1  same                     4 4  the   5 5  the   6 6  -  -  The answers given here are as
                                                                        The  answers given  here  areas
                                             the
                                                    a or -; the
               different
             2 2.  different               7 7  the   8 8  aor-;the   9 9a  a  they appeared in the original
                                                                        they  appeared in  the  original
               same                                                    texts. Possible alternatives are
                                             a or — (If we use - we mean
             3 3  same                     10 a  or— (If we  use  -  we  mean   texts.  Possiblealternativesare
                                           10
               different                                               given.
             4 4  different                  that he likes to imagine that  given.
                                             that  he  likes  to  imagine  that
                                                                          a night ('the night' is also
               different                     he is the footballer, Paul
             5 5  different                  he  is  the  footballer,  Paul   1 1  a  night  (‘the  night’  is  also
                                             Gascoigne. With a we mean    possible: 'a night' = one night;
                                                                          possible:  'a  night’  =  one  night;
                                             Gascoigne.  With  a  we  mean
                                             that he likes to think that he  'the night' = a particular
                                             that  he  likes  to  think  that  he
                                                                          'the  night'  =  a  particular
                    60                       has the same footballing     night)
                                             has  the  same  footballing
               UNIT ay                                                    night)
               Ua
                                             qualities as Paul Gascoigne.)  2 2  the  morning
                                                                          the morning
                                             qualities  as  Paul  Gascoigne.)
             60.1
                                             the
             60.1
                                                                          at night
                                           11 11  the                   3 3  at  night
                            the
             1  a  Magazines;   b b  the                                  in the afternoon
                                                                        4 4  in  the  afternoon
               magazines                  61 .2
                                          61.2
                                                                          On Saturday morning ('The
               magazines
                                                                        5 5  On  Saturday  morning  (‘The
               a  Music;  b the music      2 the theatre
             2 2  a  Music;   b  the  music   2  the  theatre             Saturday morning is also
                                                                          Saturday  morning  is  also
                 the French;
                            French
               a
                                           3
             3 3  a  the  French;   b b  French   3 / /                   possible = a particular
                                                                          possible  =  a  particular
                            advice
               a  the advice;              4 /
             4 4  a  the  advice;   b b  advice   4/                      Saturday morning)
                                                                          Saturday  morning)
                          The food
               a  the food;                    ('the hospital' would be
                                           5
                                                                          used at night
             5 5  a  the  food;   b b  The  food   5 S v  (‘the  hospital’  would  be   6 6  used  at  night
                 history;
               a
                                             referring  to  a  particular
                        b  the  history
             6 6  a  history;   b the history  referring to a particular  during the afternoon
                                                                        7 7  during  the  afternoon
               a  coffee;                    hospital known to the hearer)
                            coffee
                       b  The
             7 7  a  coffee;   b The coffee   hospital  known  to  the  hearer)   8 8  at  night
                                                                          at night
                                           6 the church
                                           6  the  church
                                                                          it was an evening
                                                                        9 9  it  was  an  evening
                                                                          during the night
                                                                        10 0  during  the  night
       306
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