Page 541 - Advanced thermodynamics for engineers

Index

Note: Page numbers followed by “f” and “t” indicate figures and tables respectively.

A nitrogen, 314
Absolute temperature scale, 15 oxygen, 252, 273–274, 302
weight, 211, 513
Acetylene, 211 Atomisation energy, 236t, 237
Acid rain, 318–319 Autothermal reforming (AR), 523–525
Acres, 522 Availability, 62–64
Activation balance
energy, 311–312, 312f, 502–503 for closed system, 75–84
losses, 518–519
for open system, 84–85
Activity coefficient, 510 effect of change of entropy, 77
Actual refrigerator, 52–54 effect of change of volume, 79
Adiabatic effect of combustion, 79
combustion, 213, 219–220, 220f, 223, flow, 84
235, 298
compressibility, 156 loss of, 72, 77–78
Adsorption, gas molecules, 326 molar, 63
Aero-engines, 401 non-flow, 63
Air, 178 rate of change, 78
composition, 178 reaction, 80
Air-fuel ratio, 334f, 369–371 specific, 80
effect on engine combustion, 369–371 steady flow, 69
lean (weak), 212 transfer, 78
rich, 212 of water vapour, 67–69
stoichiometric, 212, 239, 298 work, 99–100, 108
Air-standard cycles, 43–51, 46f, 345 Availability destruction. See Destruction of availability
Diesel cycle, 47–48 Available energy, 69–70, 70f, 102
dual-combustion cycle, 49 graphical representation, 74–75
internal combustion engine cycle, 49–51 Avogadro’s
Joule cycle, 51 number, 492
principle, 178
Otto cycle, 44–47
Aircraft gas turbines, 395, 401. See also Gas turbines
intake and propelling nozzles, 403–409 B
turbofan engines, 409–414 Back work ratio, 57
turbojet engines, 401–403 Bacon, 500
Alcohols, 211 Ballard, 498
Alkaline fuel cell (AFC), 500 Ballard Power Systems, 500
Alkanes, 211, 426 Barrel swirl (tumble), 352–354
Alkenes, 211 Baruah, 297
Amagat’s law. See Boyle’s law Beattie-Bridgeman equation, 170
Ammonia, 54 Bejan, 119, 132, 171
Amount of substance, 25, 178, 248, 262, 266 Benson, 183, 364–365
Annular combustion chamber, 415–416, 417f Benzene, 229, 235, 237f, 238t, 254
Anode catalyst oxidises methanol, 501 Benzoic acid, 243–244, 244f
Appleby, 502–503 Bertholet equation, 170
Aqueous solution, 504, 508 Binary cascade cycle, 425
Argon, 178, 195 Biogas, 133
Aromatics, 209, 238t Bloom, 519t
Arrhenius equation, 311–312, 326, 331, 357 Boiler, 99–100, 207, 307, 319
Atmospheric nitrogen, 178, 195 Boiling point, 28, 425–426
Atomic Boltzmann’s constant, 491
535