Page 113 - Applied Process Design For Chemical And Petrochemical Plants Volume III

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80 Applied Process Design for Chemical and Petrochemical Plants

Table 10-12
Guide to Fouling Resistances
2
RGP-T2.4 Design Fouling Resistances (hr-ft -°F/Btu)
The purchaser should attempt to select an optimal fouling resistance that will result in a minimum sum of fixed, shut-
down and cleaning costs. The following tabulated values of fouling resistances allow for oversizing the heat exchanger
so that it will meet performance requirements with reasonable intervals between shutdowns and cleaning. These values
do not recognize the time related behavior of fouling with regard to specific design and operational characteristics of
particular heat exchangers.
Fouling Resistances For Industrial Fluids Fouling Resistances for Natural Gas-Gasoline Processing Streams
Oils: Gases and Vapors:
Fuel oil 2 0.002 Natural gas 0.001—0.002
Fuel oil 6 0.005 Overhead products 0.001—0.002
Transformer oil 0.001
Engine lube oil 0.001 Liquids:
Quench oil 0.004 Lean oil 0.002
Rich oil 0.001—0.002
Gases and Vapors: Natural gasoline and liquefied petroleum gases 0.001—0.002
Manufactured gas 0.010
Engine exhaust gas 0.010 Fouling Resistances for Oil Refinery Streams
Steam (nonoil-bearing) 0.0005 Crude and Vacuum Unit Gases and Vapors:
Exhaust steam (oil-bearing) 0.0015—0.002 Atmospheric tower overhead vapors 0.001
Refrigerant vapors (oil-bearing) 0.002 Light Naphtha 0.001
Compressed air 0.001 Vacuum overhead vapors 0.002
Ammonia vapor 0.001
CO 2 vapor 0.001 Crude and Vacuum Liquids:
Chlorine vapor 0.002 Crude oil
Coal flue gas 0.010 0 to 250°F 250 to 350°F
Natural gas flue gas 0.005 velocity ft/sec velocity ft/sec
Liquids: 2 2—4 4 2 2—4 4
Molten heat transfer salts 0.0005
Refrigerant liquids 0.001 DRY 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.003 0.002 0.002
Hydraulic fluid 0.001 SALT* 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.005 0.004 0.004
Industrial organic heat transfer media 0.002 350 to 450°F 450°F and more
Ammonia liquid 0.001 velocity ft/sec velocity ft/sec
Ammonia liquid (oil-bearing) 0.003
Calcium chloride solutions 0.003 2 2—4 4 2 2—4 4
Sodium chloride solutions 0.003 DRY 0.004 0.003 0.003 0.005 0.004 0.004
CO 2 liquid 0.001 SALT* 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.007 0.006 0.006
Chlorine liquid 0.002
Methanol solutions 0.002 *Assumes desalting @ approx. 250°F
Ethanol solutions 0.002
Ethylene glycol solutions 0.002 Gasoline 0.002
Naphtha and light distillates 0.002—0.003
Fouling Resistances for Chemical Processing Streams
Kerosene 0.002—0.003
Light gas oil 0.002—0.003
Gases and Vapors: Heavy gas oil 0.003—0.005
Acid gases 0.002—0.003 Heavy fuel oils 0.005—0.007
Solvent vapors 0.001
Stable overhead products 0.001 Asphalt and Residuum:
Vacuum tower bottoms 0.010
Liquids: Atmosphere tower bottoms 0.007
MEA and DEA solutions 0.002
DEG and TEG solutions 0.002 Cracking and Coking Unit Streams:
Stable side draw and bottom product 0.001—0.002 Overhead vapors 0.002
Caustic solutions 0.002 Light cycle oil 0.002—0.003
Vegetable oils 0.003 Heavy cycle oil 0.003—0.004