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8.5 Application of HIFU on thermal ablation  209




                   Table 8.5  Physical properties values.
                   Parameters      Definition       Value            SI unit
                   ρ               Blood density    1050 a            kg
                    blood                                              3                                                                 ρblood
                                                                     m                                                                       3
                                                                      kg                                                                 kgm
                   ρ               Fat density      911 b
                    fat                                              m 3                                                                 ρfat
                                                                      kg                                                                 kgm 3
                   ρ               Pancreas density  1050 b
                    pan                                              m 3                                                                 ρpan 3
                                                                       J                                                                 kgm
                   cp              Heat capacity of fat  2348 a
                     fat                                             kgK                                                                 cpfat
                                                                       J                                                                 Jkg K
                   cp              Heat capacity of   3200 b
                     pan                                             kgK                                                                 cppan
                                   pancreas
                                                                       J                                                                 Jkg K
                   cp              Heat capacity of   3610 a
                     blood                                           kgK                                                                 cpblood
                                   blood
                                                                      W                                                                  Jkg K
                   k               Thermal conductivity  0.21 a
                    fat                                              mK                                                                  kfat
                                   of fat                                                                                                Wm K
                                                                      W
                   k               Thermal conductivity  0.51 b
                    pan                                              mK                                                                  kpan
                                   of pancreas
                                                                      W                                                                  Wm K
                   k               Thermal conductivity  0.52 b
                    blood                                            mK                                                                  kblood
                                   of blood
                                                                                                                                         Wm K
                   µ               Blood viscosity  0.012 c          Pa s                                                                Pa s
                    blood                                                                                                                µblood
                   µ               Casson parameters  0.00414 c      Pa s                                                                Pa s
                    c                                                                                                                    µc
                   τ               Casson parameters  0.0038 c       Pa                                                                  Pa
                    c                                                 1                                                                  τc
                   α               Blood absorption  1.6 b
                    blood                                            m                                                                   αblood
                                                                      1                                                                  1m
                   α               Fat absorption   6.4 d
                    fat                                              m                                                                   αfat
                                                                      1                                                                  1m
                   α               Pancreas absorption 11.9 b
                    pan                                              m                                                                   αpan
                                                                                                                                         1m
                   c               blood sound speed  1578 d         ms                                                                  m s
                    s,blood                                                                                                              cs,blood
                   c               fat sound speed  1440 d           ms                                                                  m s
                    s,fat                                                                                                                cs,fat
                   c               pancreas sound   1591 d           ms                                                                  m s
                    s,pan                                                                                                                cs,pan
                                   speed
                   ω               Blood Perfusion rate  1.1 a        1
                    fat                                               s                                                                  wfat
                                   of fat
                                                                      1                                                                  1s
                   ω               Blood Perfusion rate  10 b
                    pan                                               s                                                                  wpan
                                   of pancreas
                                                                                                                                         1s
                   a [89].
                   b [90].
                   c [91].
                   d [92].
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