Page 272 - Chiral Separation Techniques
P. 272

250     9 Modeling and Simulation in SMB for Chiral Purification


               9.7 Conclusions


               SMB technology is now a mature technology adopted by pharmaceutical industry.
               The existence of an organized body of knowledge [39, 40] was helpful in optimiz-
               ing SMB systems and making them acceptable by the industry.  The future will
               require dynamic simulation for systems with small number of columns, e.g., config-
               urations of the type 1-2-2-1 as encountered in some cases and also in view of pro-
               cess control to improve process performance.




               References


                [1] Broughton D. B., Gerhold C. G. (1961) Continuous Sorption Process Employing Fixed Bed of Sor-
                  bent and Moving Inlets and Outlets, U.S. Patent No. 2, 985, 589.
                [2] Broughton D. B. (1968) Molex: Case History of a Process, Chem. Eng. Prog. 64: 60–65
                [3] Broughton D. B., Neuzil R. W., Pharis J. M., Brearley C. S. (1970) The Parex Process for Recov-
                  ering Paraxylene, Chem. Eng. Prog. 66: 70–75.
                [4] Heikkilä H. (1983) Separating Sugars and Amino Acids with Chromatography, Chem. Eng., Jan-
                  uary 24, 50–52.
                [5] Rodrigues A. E., Tondeur D. (1981) Percolation Processes: Theory and Applications, NATO ASI
                  Series, Vol. 33, Sijthoff & Noordhoff, The Netherlands.
                [6] Rodrigues A. E., LeVan M. D., Tondeur D. (1989) Adsorption: Science and Technology, NATO ASI
                  Series, Vol. 158, Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
                [7] Gattuso M. J., McCulloch B., House D. W., Baumann W. M., Gottschall K. (1996) Simulated Mov-
                  ing Bed Technology – The Preparation of Single Enantiomer Drugs, Pharm. Tech. Europe 8: 20–25.
                [8] Cavoy E., Deltent M .F., Lehoucq S., Miggiano D. (1997) Laboratory-Developed Simulated Mov-
                  ing Bed for Chiral Drug Separations. Design of the System and Separation of Tramadol Enan-
                  tiomers, J. Chromatogr. A 769: 49–57.
                [9] Francotte E., Richert P. (1997) Applications of Simulated Moving-Bed Chromatography to the Sep-
                  aration of the Enantiomers of Chiral Drugs, J. Chromatogr. A 769: 101–107.
               [10] Francotte E. (1996) Chromatography as a Separation  Tool for the Preparative Resolution of
                  Racemic Compounds, in Chiral Separations. Applications and Technology, Ahuja S. (ed.), Ameri-
                  can Chemical Society, p. 271–308.
               [11] Guest D. W. (1997) Evaluation of Simulated Moving Bed Chromatography for Pharmaceutical Pro-
                  cess Development, J. Chromatogr. A 760: 159–162.
               [12] Nicoud R. M. (1992) The Simulated Moving Bed: A Powerful Chromatographic Process, LC-GC
                  Intl. 5: 43–47.
               [13] Negawa M., Shoji F. (1992) Optical Resolution by Simulated Moving-Bed Adsorption Technology,
                  J. Chromatogr. 590: 113–117.
               [14] Glueckauf E. (1955) Theory of Chromatography Part 10 – Formulæ for Diffusion into Spheres and
                  Their Application to Chromatography, Trans. Faraday Soc. 51: 1540–1551
               [15] Ching C. B., Ruthven D. M. (1985)  An Experimental Study of a Simulated Counter-Current
                  Adsorption System – I. Isothermal Steady State Operation, Chem. Eng. Sci. 40: 877–885.
               [16] Madsen N. K., Sincovec R. F. (1979) PDECOL: General Collocation Software for Partial Differ-
                  ential Equations, ACM Trans. Math. 5: 326–351.
               [17] Hindmarsh A. C. (1976) Preliminary Documentation of GEARIB. Solution of Implicit Systems of
                  Ordinary Differential Equations with Banded Jacobians, Rep. UCID – 30130, Lawrence Livermore
                  Laboratory, Livermore.
               [18] Pais L. S., Loureiro J. M., Rodrigues A. E. (1998a) Modeling Strategies for Enantiomers Separa-
                  tion by SMB Chromatography, AIChEJ 44: 561–569.
   267   268   269   270   271   272   273   274   275   276   277