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280   Control theory in biomedical engineering


                                      Stride velocity
           1.4

           1.2
            1

           0.8

           0.6
           0.4

           0.2
            0
                      Mean                 SD                 a (DFA)

                             Human  c_LT  c_TLV  c_TLVP  c_VP
          Fig. 11 Mean, SD, and DFA scaling exponents (α) for c_TL, c_TLV, c_TLVP, c_VP and
          experimental data of human are exhibited.

             Means, SD, and DFA scaling exponents (α) for stride position of four
          control system models are plotted in Fig. 12. Only c_TLVP value of (α)
          is like that of the experimental data. SD of all models are approximately sim-
          ilar to human data except c_TL. All models’ value of (α) is more than 1, just
          as in the experimental data.

                                     Stride position
           2.5
            2
           1.5

            1
           0.5

            0
          –0.5

            –1
                     Mean                 SD                  a (DFA)

                              Human  c_LT  c_TLV  c_TLVP  c_VP
          Fig. 12 Mean, SD, and DFA scaling exponents (α) for c_TL, c_TLV, c_TLVP, c_VP, and
          experimental data of human for the position are shown.
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