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Decision-making-based optimal generation-side Chapter | 11 297

11.7 Conclusion
In this chapter the generation-side reserve scheduling and LFC issues in
modern power systems were studied. An overview of power system stability
and security was first introduced. Based on the power system security con-
straints, the optimization problem of secondary-reserve scheduling and opti-
mal tuning of frequency controllers parameters in modern power system was
also presented. Furthermore, some scenarios have been applied to show the
superiority of the presented methods. Moreover, the effectiveness of the frac-
tional calculus based control scheme was investigated to show the impor-
tance of decision-making methods in these topics. The main findings and
recommendations in this chapter are as follows:
A comprehensive framework including both generation-side and LFC is
required for future power systems.
The secondary reserve should be scheduled for modern power systems
considering the fluctuation of both generation-side and demand-side
participations.
The demand side, in comparison with generation side, has more flexibil-
ity in providing ancillary services.
The robustness of load-frequency controllers can be guaranteed by the
optimal tuning of them using evolutionary techniques.
As a research direction for future works in these important topics, it is
recommended to propose a suitable LFC framework considering the high
fluctuations form both demand side and generation side such as renewable
power variations and load fluctuations. Also, it is very important to consider
the inertia reduction due to the increase of renewable energy share in power
systems in reserve scheduling and frequency control of future power systems.
Furthermore, it is suggested that to study the effects of emerging technologies
such as distributed generating units and their scheduling in the performance
and availability of required reserve in power systems. Moreover, new issues
such as cyberattacks should be addressed for future smart power systems.

References
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