Page 353 - Decision Making Applications in Modern Power Systems

Heuristic methods for the evaluation of environmental impacts Chapter | 12 315

The emission index developed in this work presents a great advantage
because it brings restrictions, which was developed from the damage that the
emissions cause. However, if desired greater precision, you can set a maxi-
mum rate of emissions that would be the sum of all allowable values for
[38] adding permissible values of CO 2 emissions, which are not provided by
this standard.
According to these considerations, the maximum pollutant emission index
(MPEI) would be

MPEI 5 58:48 mg=m 3
It can be seen from the analyses carried out in this chapter that the vari-
ous engine emission indexes ever exceed this value, which shows something
that is already known and that the thermal plants greatly harm the
environment.

12.2.10 Obtaining primary data

For the emission index from gas engines, plant measurements were per-
formed in the chimney values of engines of different pollutants and statisti-
cally processed results. With the average values, the emission index for each
gas engine of the plant was calculated.
To get the raw data in expectation to calculate emission index, it devel-
ops the following:
They were placed at all plant engines operating at different power levels
with respect to maximum power (20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%,
80%, 90%, and 100%).
For each of the power levels, emissions of various pollutants were mea-
3
sured, both in volume and type of pollutants in mg/m .
For each of the power levels of each motor, emission rate according to
Eqs. (12.5) or (12.6) was calculated, depending on whether it is a gas
engine or HFO engine.
With the emission index of each engine, power curve versus emission
index was obtained. In the graphs of this chapter, indexes emissions at
full power were placed.
With the curve of the emission index of each engine and using a regres-
sion software, equation index emissions from all power plant engines
were obtained. We also calculated the coefficients d, e, and f to be used
in the function emission index.

12.2.11 Price of carbon emissions

Carbon credits are a financial instrument envisaged in the Kyoto Protocol to
try to mitigate the threats that cause the greenhouse effect. Each credit is