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Notes 151

competing interests: ‘To this extent, constitutional democracy depends
on the motivations of a population accustomed to liberty, motivations
that cannot be generated by administrative measures.’ Ibid., p. 147.
61. Habermas, The Inclusion of the Other, p. 257.
62. Habermas, ‘Postscript to Between Facts and Norms’, p. 142.
63. Habermas, The Inclusion of the Other, p. 101.
64. Habermas, ‘Postscript to Between Facts and Norms’, p. 141.
65. Peters, Speaking into the Air.
66. E. Laclau and C. Mouffe, Hegemony and Socialist Strategy: Towards a
Radical Democratic Politics (London: Verso, 1985).
67. E. Laclau, Emancipation(s) (London: Verso, 1996), p. xiii.
68. Habermas, The Inclusion of the Other, pp. 109ff.
69. Ibid., pp. 112–13.
70. Ibid., p. 117.
71. There is not space here to discuss Habermas’s writings on immigration.
See especially The Inclusion of the Other, pp. 228–35. He mounts a
scathing critique of First World governments, especially in Europe (with
special contempt reserved for his home nation), for their treatment
of refugees, for the air of benevolence that occludes questions of
responsibility in the historical context of colonialism, for their dogmatic
but hypocritical refusal to accept the legitimacy of economic refugees
and their xenophobic obsession with cultural assimilation beyond what
could legitimately be demanded as a ‘functional’ necessity.
72. C. Cronin and P. de Greiff, ‘Translators’ Introduction’, in Habermas,
The Inclusion of the Other, p. xxviii.
73. Habermas, The Inclusion of the Other, pp. 221–2.
74. Ibid., p. 40.
75. Ibid., p. 221. This sense of conditional respect can be a troublesome
dynamic in the case of indigenous peoples, such as the tangata whenua
or ‘people of the land’ in New Zealand, whose cultural practices tend to
be treated with sincere respect by the majority culture insofar as they fi t
the dominant frame – compatible with eco-tourism – of traditionalism,
rurality and spiritualism, but whose underlying diversity, fl ux, and
complex connections with global cultures and subcultures prove
difficult to frame.

76. M. Castells, The Rise of the Network Society, 2nd edn. (Oxford: Blackwell,
2000).
77. A. Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization
(Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996).
78. M. Wark, Virtual Geography: Living with Global Media Events (Bloomington:
Indiana University Press, 1994).
79. Habermas, The Inclusion of the Other, p. 145.
80. C. Gilligan, In a Different Voice: Psychological Theory and Women’s
Development (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1982).
81. D. Haraway, Simians, Cyborgs and Women: The Reinvention of Nature (New
York: Routledge, 1991), pp. 149–81.
82. G. Deleuze and F. Guattari, A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and
Schizophrenia (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987).

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