Page 400 - Design for Six Sigma a Roadmap for Product Development

Design for X 369

Salvage Operations
Service Technicians

Product Skilled Owners

Consumers
Assembly Plant

Figure 10.6 Automotive DFS customers.

8. Special tools
9. Failures caused by the service procedures

10.5.1 DFS guidelines
The DFS guidelines are
1. Reduce service functional requirements (FRs) by minimizing the
need for service. This can be easily done in companies that track their
product or service warranties. The DFSS team has the opportunity to
make their DFS procedure data-driven by analyzing the possible fail-
ure rates of datum designs (incremental design scenarios) and rank
them using Pareto analysis to address service requirements in priori-
tized sequence. DFX, axiomatic design, robustness, and DFR tech-
niques can be used to improve the reliability. For example, DFMA
improves reliability by reducing the number of parts; axiom 2 helps
reduce design stiffness to reduce variation in the FRs (Chap. 7), which is
the major cause of failure. In addition, axiomatic design helps gen-
erate ideas of physical coupling for DP consolidation, resulting in a
smaller number of separate parts and thus enhanced reliability levels.
2. Identify customer service attributes and appropriate type of ser-
vice required by any customer segment is the determinant of the DFS
technique to be used. There are three types: standard operations,
scheduled maintenance, and repairs. Standard operations consist of
normal wear-and-tear items such as replenishing operating fluids. For
standard operations, ease of service should be maximum and coupled
with errorproofing (poka-yoke) techniques. In many industries, the end
customer is usually the operator. Scheduled maintenance is usually