Page 143 - Academic Press Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology 3rd Organic Chemistry

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Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology EN006K-933 June 29, 2001 12:14

Fuel Chemistry

Sarma V. Pisupati
Pennsylvania State University

I. Fuels
II. Properties for Utilization
III. Combustion of Coal
IV. Fixed Bed Combustion
V. Pulverized Coal Combustion
VI. Fluidized Bed Combustion
VII. Environmental Issues in Coal Combustion
VIII. Coal Gasification
IX. Coal Liquefaction
X. Liquid Fuels
XI. Properties for Utilization
XII. Major Combustion Methods
XIII. Gaseous Fuels

GLOSSARY Gasification Conversion of solid fuel into a combustible
gas.
Atomization A process of breaking a liquid stream into Liquefaction Conversion of solid fuel into liquid fuel.
fine droplets. Selective catalytic reduction A method used to se-
Combustion Rapid oxidation of fuels generating heat. lectively reduce nitrogen oxides to nitrogen using a
Equivalence ratio Ratio of the amount of air required for catalyst.
stoichiometric combustion to the actual amount of air
supplied per unit mass of fuel.
Flame A chemical interaction between fuel and oxidant ENERGY is the life-blood of a modern society. The qual-
accompanied by the evolution of heat and light. ity of life of any society is shown to be directly propor-
Fluidization A process of making a bed of particles be- tional to the energy consumption of the society. In the
have like a fluid by a jet of air. past century (1900–2000), the population of the world
Fuel Any substance that can be used to produce heat and and the United States has increased by 263 and 258%, re-
or light by burning. spectively. The energy demand increased by a startling 16

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