Page 121 - Environmental Control in Petroleum Engineering

108 Environmental Control in Petroleum Engineering

Table 3-11
Acute Toxicity of Scale Inhibitors (96-hr LC 50, mg/L)

Generic Chemical Type Fresh Water Salt Water
Amine phosphate ester >1,000 >4,309
Phosphonate 3,700->10,125 1,676->10,125
Source: after Hudgins, 1992.
Copyright SPE, with permission.

Table 3-12a
Acute Toxicity of Biocides (LC 50, mg/L)
Generic Type Generic Chemical Type Fresh Water Salt Water
Aldehydes Glutaraldehyde (25%) 16.9-43 2.1-1,100
Glutaraldehyde (50%) 11.5-23.7 —
Formaldehyde 18–64 23-1,000

Formaldehyde With heterocyclic polyamine 41.4-73.3 2.9-1,000
mixtures With alkyldimethyl
benzyl quaternary 1.79-2.24 12-290

Quaternary Ethoxy quaternary 0.35-1.32 174–-1,000
Dicocoamine 0.42-1.7 0.4-34
Amine salt Cocodiamine acetate 0.22-1.6 0.719–965
Cocodiamine fatty acids 0.73-0.92 0.22-670
Others 0.09-1.62 24-922
Amine Alkyl propylene
diamine+ 2 ethylhexanol 0.75-0.78 0.49–49
Others Metronidazole >100 180
2,2-dibromo-
3-nitrilopropionamide 4.5-8.15 2.8-> 1,000
Dithiocarbamates 1.29 1.38
Isothiazalin 40.6 66.1-4,000
2,4,5-trichlorophenate 0.86-1.26 —
Toxaphene pesticide 0.036-0.042

Test lengths are for either 48 or 96 hours.
Source: after Hudgins, 1992.
Copyright SPE, with permission.