Page 319 - Environmental Nanotechnology Applications and Impacts of Nanomaterials

304 Environmental Applications of Nanomaterials

TABLE 8.1 Organic Contaminants and Their Reaction Rates in Reactions with
Nanoscale Iron or Bimetallic Iron Particles
Pseudo-first-order
k rxn
2
Compound Iron type (
10 3 L/hr ⋅ m ) Ref.
Chlorinated
Methanes
0
Fe 0.5–240 (Lien and Zhang 1999;
CCl 4
Nurmi et al. 2005)
Pd/Fe 0.08 (Lien and Zhang 1999)
CHCl 3
Chlorinated
Ethanes
HCA Fe 0 770±70 (Song and Carraway 2005)
PCA 796±63
1,1,2,2-TeCA 538±56
1,1,1,2-TeCA 30.3±4.2
1,1,2-TCA 151±13
1,1,1-TCA 2.31±0.34
1,2-DCA 0
1,1-DCA 0.02±0.004
HCA (Lien and Zhang 2005)
PCA Fe/Pd 20
1,1,1,2-TeCA 27
1,1,2,2-TeCA 21
1,1,1-TCA 9
Chlorinated 6
Ethenes
0
TCE Fe 1–14 (Liu et al. 2005a)
(Liu et al. 2005b)
(He and Zhao 2005)
0
Fe -starch 20 (He and Zhao 2005)
stabilized
Fe/Pd 18 (Wang and Zhang 1997)
Fe/Pd-starch 67 (He and Zhao 2005)
stabilized
0 6 5 2
PCBs Fe 10 – 5
10 L/yr ⋅ m (Lowry and Johnson 2004)
Fe 0 0 (He and Zhao 2005)
Fe/Pd 0.053
Fe/Pd-starch 0.31
stabilized
Inorganics/metals
0
Perchlorate Fe 0.013 mg Cl/g Fe/hr (Cao et al. 2005)
Nitrate Fe 0 70 (Caoe et al. 2000)
0
Selenate Fe 0.9 (Mondal et al. 2004)
Fe/Ni 2.5
0
Arsenic(III) Fe 200–600 (Kanel et al. 2005)
Cr(VI) Fe 0 110–230 (Ponder et al. 2000)
Pb(II) Fe 0 130