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8.1  Buckling                                             149



                                            The  next  step  is  to  apply  the  problem  boundary
                                 conditions.    As  shown  in  the  figure,  we  fix  the  bottle  base  (A
                                 symbol)  and  apply  the  compressive  load  of  49.05  N  in  the  z-
                                 direction  (B  symbol).    The  hydrostatic  pressure  from  the  liquid
                                 detergent inside the bottle is applied in the z-direction (C symbol).





















                                            The  computed  von-Mises  stress  is  displayed  on  the
                                 bottle  deformed shape.   The  maximum stress occurs at  the  bottle
                                 neck as shown in the figure.


















                                            The  critical  buckling  load  is  then  determined  by
                                 following  the  same  procedure  as  explained  in  the  preceding
                                 academic example.  The computed load multiplier as shown in the
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