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Chapter



                                                                                           3







                                                              Beam Analysis







                                            Frame  structures  such  as  high-voltage  power  trans-
                                 mission  towers,  large  bridges  and  tall  buildings  use  beams  to
                                 provide  high  strength  at  low  weight.    Most  of  the  beam  cross
                                 sections are in I, L, U, C, O and rectangular shapes with different
                                 areas  and  moments  of  inertia.    In  an  undergraduate  strength  of
                                 materials course, analytical solutions of the deflection and stress of
                                 a single beam under simple loadings and boundary conditions are
                                 normally derived by using conventional approach.  However, for a
                                 complicated frame structure with many beam members oriented in
                                 three  dimensions,  it  is  difficult  to  obtain  solutions  by  following
                                 such  approach.    The  finite  element  method  through  the  use  of  a
                                 software  can  provide  solutions  effectively  as  explained  in  this
                                 chapter.
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