Page 925 - Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes : Physical, Chemical, and Biological
P. 925
880 Index
cation, 672 proprietary filters, 331–332 homogeneity requirement, 64
definitions, 661 Warren filter, 331–332 packed-bed reactors, 64
dissolved gases diffusion of, 386 nonsteady state reactor, 67–68
alternative criteria, 866–867 dual media, 335 pond, 76
benthic mud’s, 867–868 efficiency, 386 spreadsheet method, 68–71
chemical potential, 865–866 electro-osmosis, 386 steady state reactor, 66–67
in-a-nutshell, 865 electrophoresis, 386 types, 62
hardness, 667–669 electrophoretic mobility, 386 zero reaction rate, 67
heavy metals english filter, 386–387 Real basins
hydroxide treatment, 670 filter box circular settling basin, 118, 121
iron adsorption, 671 area and depth, 359–360 inlet design, 119–121, 131
mine drainage, 671 net water production, 359, 389 outlet design, 121, 131
history self-backwashing system, 381–382 practical design, 122
hardness oftening, 662 filter design primary settling basin, 119, 121
heavy metal removal, 662–663 collector, 385–386 rectangular settling basin, 118,
sewage treatment, 662 components, 354–359 120, 128
ligands, 672 Happel collector, 388 Re-carbonation, 674
lime softening, 670 filtration technology Rectangular grit chamber
metals, 669–670 mode, 330–331 and Parshall flume, 142–146, 157
re-carbonation, 674 process, 329–330 proportional weir control, 157
solubility support components, 330 Reject flow, see Concentrate flow
equilibrium, 663 gravity effect, 337 Respiration, 716
law and application, 663–664 Hamaker constant, 387–388 Reverse osmosis
pC–pH diagrams, 665–666 HLR barrier, 335 in Brighton water treatment
pe–pH diagrams, 666–667 inline filtration, 335, 388 design parameters, 562–563
products, ionic compounds, 664–665 mass flow, 388 municipal water demand, 562
rules, 667 mathematical modeling pilot plant, 562
Pre-coat filtration, 423 attachment coefficient, 349–351 plant layout, 563–564
Preozonation, 420, 639 filter coefficient, 345 described, 554
Pressure, 783–784 Iwasaki’s equations, 344–346, 388 Reversible and irreversible fouling, 557
Pressure filters, 438 single collector, 390 Reynolds number
Primary treatment, 715 transport coefficient, 345–349, 391 vs. Euler number, 850
Priority pollutants, 715–716 zeta potential, 349, 391 plate settlers, 130
Prokaryotes, 716 mechanical filtration, 389 porous media flow, 819
Prony brake, 604 modeling, Adin and Rebhun (1977) Ribonuclic acid (RNA), 717
Propeller meters, 814–815 equilibrium condition, 352 Rim-flow clarifier, 131
Proprietary flocculation technologies solids uptake rate, 351–352 Ripening, 420
solid contact units wave front zones, 353 RNA, see Ribonuclic acid
design practice, equipment, operation, 321 modern practice, 335–336 Robert Baumann, E., 431
principles, 320–321 operation Roots of a quadratic equation, 783–784
super-pulsator, 321 filter operating cycle, 372 Rotating biological contactor (RBC), 716
turbine flocculators, 320 functions, 371–372 Rotifer, 716–717
Psychrophile, definition, 716 hydraulics, 372–374 Rotometer, 630, 639
Pulsed-flow reactor, 506 phases, 329 Roughing filter, 420
piezometer, 389 Rushton system, 270
Q pilot plants, 375–378, 389
proprietary equipment
Quality assessment (QA), 389–390 ancillary equipment, 379 S
Quiescent basins, 292 package filtration systems, 379–380 Safe Drinking Water Act, 1974, 25
products evaluation, 380–381 Sand bed
quality assessment (QA), 389–390 erosion, 407
R
slow sand filtration, 390 mature, 395
Racks, membranes, 541 theory rebuilding, 416
Rapid filtration definitions of, 336, 386 removal of clean, 401
American filter, 385 process description, 336–344 scraped, 400
applications, 331 saturated zone, 339–340, 390 streamlines, 400
attachment coefficient, 385 turbidimeter, 391 Sand recovery system, 413
backwash system, 360–371, 375, 389 unit filter run volume (UFRV), 391 Saturator
Boucher’s law, 385 variations, 331 Henry’s law, 166–167
cake filtration, 385 wastewater filtration, 378–379 unpacked, 187
chemical conditioning, 385 Rapid-mix basin design, 281 SCF, see Supercritical fluid (SCF)
clogging front, 385 Rapid mix unit, 52–53 Schmutzdecke, 420
collision, 386 Ray McIndoe, 429 description, 395
conventional filtration, 386 Reactors; see also specific reactors role in straining, 399–400
declining-rate filtration, 386 batch reactor, 66 Scour, 420
definition, 390 biological, 75 Scraping, 400, 407, 415–416, 420
depth filtration, 386 continuous flow, 75 Screen filter, 550–551, 568
development definition, 62 Screening task
Fuller’s experiments, 332–333, 390 material balance principle bar screen, 79–82, 92
Hyatt filter, 331 application, 64–66 comminutor, 82–83, 92
Little Falls plant, 333–334 complete mix fluidized reactor, 63 definition, 79
