Page 922 - Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes : Physical, Chemical, and Biological

Index 877

solids loading rate, 132 velocity field, 288 theory
using plots, 111–112 vortex stretching, 288 equilibria, 521
settling velocity, solids concentration, 108 Industrial wastewater kinetics, 522–523
Hollow fiber membrane, 539, 541, 545–547, 566 Anheuser-Busch brewery, 12 media capacity, 520–521
Homogeneous reactor, 503 Miller-Coors brewery, 11–12 Ionic bond, 673
Homogeneous reactor volume, 74–75; see also Inflection point, 503 Irreversible process, 815
Reactors Influent vs.effluent filters, 397 Isentropic, definition, 816
Homogeneous surface diffusion, 504 Inline filtration, 335, 388 Isothermal
Horizontal flow grit chambers Interagency Council on Metric Policy (ICMP), 765 compression, 806
design and performance, 147–148 International Desalination Association (IDA), 566 definition, 816
removal equipment, 148 International Diatomite Producer’s Association Isotropic turbulence, 325
theory (IDPA), 427
ideal basin, 135 International system, units J
scour, 135–137 American Society for Testing Materials
velocity control (ASTM), 765 Jar tests, coagulation, 216–217, 232
parabolic section, 146–147 base units, 766 Jet mixers
Parshall flume, 138–142 coherence, 766 flash mixing, submerged
proportional weir, 137–138, 160 conversion factor (g c ), 768–769 design algorithm, 273, 282–283, 286, 288
rectangular section, 142–146 derived units, 766–767 design components, 271–272
Humification, 35, 40 dimensional homogeneity, 771 nozzles, 272–273
Hyatt filter, 331 General Conference on Weights and Measures proprietary systems, 275–276
Hydraulic conductivity, 401–402, 419, 832 (Conférence Générale des Poids et rings, 282
Hydraulic grade line (HGL), 159, 167–168, Mesures, CGPM), 765 test program, 283
186, 419 Interagency Council on Metric Policy (ICMP), turbulent energy, 281
Hydraulic loading rate (HLR), 131, 404, 419, 765
465, 503 meter-kilogram-second (MKS), 766 K
Hydraulics Newton (N), 768
of cake filtration, 433–437 poundal, 770 Kieselguhr, 452
of carbon packed beds, 462 pound-force and pound-mass, 789–770 Kinetic models
definition, 815 prefixes, 766–767 first-order kinetics, 71–72, 75
grade line, 815 rules, 767–768 gas transfer rate, 72
loading rate, 815 supplementary units, 766 second-order kinetics, 72, 75
slow sand process, 401–402, 406–411 temperature, 770 substrate degradation, 72
UV reactors, 631 uncommon derived units, conversions, 771 trickling filter, 72–73
Hydrodynamic, 831 in United States, 765–766 Kjeldahl nitrogen, 713–714
Hydrolysis, 232, 618, 637, 673 International Ultraviolet Association (IUVA), 624 Kolmogorov’s microscale, 286, 325
Hyflo Super-Celt, 428, 452 Interstitial velocity, 815 Kolmogorov’s universal equilibrium theory,
Hyperfiltration, 566; see also Reverse osmosis Intrinsic permeability 325–326
Hypochlorite, 630, 634, 638 aquifer media, data, 824–825 Krebs cycle, see Citric acid cycle
Darcy’s law, modified, 822
I definition, 566, 822, 832 L
filter media, data, 823–824
Ideal gas law, 783 hydraulic conductivity vs permeability, Lagrangian coordinates, 286
Impellers, mixing 822–823 Land chart of dimensionless numbers, 847–848
axial flow, 284 Iodine, 612, 638 Langelier index, 673–674
back-mix reactor, circulation criterion, Iodine number, 503 Langelier’s paddle wheels, 292–293, 321
262–264, 281–282, 284 Ion-exchanger Langmuir isotherm, 467–469, 497
blending applications Lawrence experiment station, 679, 680
definition, 284 deionization, 513 Lewis–Whitman two film theory, 604
experimental procedure, 264, 282 municipal use, 512–513 Liebig’s law, 714
characteristics, 266 specific ion removal, 513 Ligand, definition of, 674
complete-mix reactors, 264–266, 281–282, case studies, 527–528 Lime-soda process, 674
285 conversions, 529–532 Lime softening, 670
definition, 604 definitions, 511 Liquid alum
draft tube, 285 design concentrations of, 839
eddy, 285 reactor, 525–526 cost calculations, 842–844
in-line mixers, 270–271, 286 selection of ion-exchangers, 523–524 definition, 839
marine, 286 system, 524–525 equivalent concentration expressions, 840–841
paddle, 287 history, 512 mass percent, 841–842
propeller, 287 media production, 839
pumping alumina, 519–520 properties, 839–840
flow number, 267–268, 285, 287 clays, 513 specific gravity (SG), 842–843
flow patterns, 267 mineral ion-exchangers, 513 standard expressions, 841
power dissipation, 268, 287 synthetic resins, 516–519 storage, 845
P=V ratio, 269 zeolites, 513–516 Little Falls plant, 333–334
rate, 267 operating cycle, 511–512 Log normal distribution, 787
shear=flow ratio, 268–269 operation, 526–527 Log removal, 608, 638
reactors–back-mix and in-line, 261–262 process description, 511 Lompoc, 425–427, 452
Rushton system, 270, 281, 287 properties of commercial, 528 London forces, 232
and tanks, 269–270, 288 selection of, 523–524 Love canal, 492–494, 498
varieties, 267 sources of commercial, 528 Low-pressure UV lamps, 632, 638