Page 923 - Fundamentals of Water Treatment Unit Processes : Physical, Chemical, and Biological

878 Index

Lumping, 714 Methane fermentation, 724 nine unit processes, 52
Lumping coefficients, biofilm reactors, 753–754 Methanogenesis, 714 rapid mix unit, 52–53
Lyophilic colloid, 233 Methylene blue number, 460, 505 six slow sand filters, 53–54
Lyophobic colloid, 233 2-Methylisoborneol, 656 protocol
Michaelis–Menten equation dependent and independent variables,
M biological treatment system, 705–707 49–50
enzyme kinetics, 705–707, 714 factorial analysis, 50–51
Macro-reticular ion-exchange resin, 535 Microfiltration (MF), 559, 567 mapping, 50
Maintenance energy, 714 Microflocs, 191, 232 spreadsheets, 51
Manometer, 388, 816 Microorganisms, waterborne diseases, 607, 609 rational model, 56
Mariotte siphon, 286 Microporous membranes, 543 scenario, 49–50, 56
Mass balance, 473–474, 476, 480, 498 Microscopic particulate analysis (MPA), 233 units, 52
Mass-transfer zone, 458, 505 Microscreens Molality, 868
Mechanical aeration, 582–583 applications, 86 Molarity, 868
Mechanical filtration, 389 appurtenances, 93 Mole, 868
Medium-pressure UV lamps, 632, 638 Denver Marston water treatment plant, 92 Molecular weight cutoff, 548, 568
Membrane integrity testing, 561 equipment and installation, 86 Mole fraction, 868
Membrane treatment method mathematical model, 88–92 Monodisperse, 325
acronyms, membrane materials operating data, 87–88 Municipal wastewater treatment
and membranes, 539 operation, 86–87 city of Aspen, 9
advantages, 549 performance, 86–87 Colorado springs, 10
applications, 548–549 sizing, 87 Denver reuse demonstration plant, 10
case study, 562–564 variables and scenarios, 92–93 Ignacio, 9–10
categories of, 539 Miller-Coors brewery, 11–12
cleaning, 541–542, 547, 549, 561, 565 Mineral ion-exchangers, 513 N
definition, 539 Mixed-flow reactor, 286
description, 539–549 Mixed liquor suspended solids (MLSS), 705, 714 Nanofiltration, 544, 546, 557, 568
design Mixed liquor volatile suspended solids ( MLVSS), National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
membrane layouts, 559–560 705, 714 (NPDES), 612
pretreatment, 559 Mixing Natural logarithms, 784–785
disadvantages, 549 agitation, 284 Natural organic matter (NOM), 194, 230,
flow balance principle, 539 application, 239–240 232–233, 464
global capacity, 542 chemical feed, 280 Natural organic matter fouling, 557
history, 549–550 definitions, 239 Navier–Stokes equation, 847
kinds of membrane elements, 541 dispersion, 285 computational fluid dynamics (CFD), 254,
manufacturing process emulsion, 285 285–286
flat sheets, 544 flash, 285 mathematics, 253–254
tubes, 544–545 history Nephelometeric turbidity unit (NTU), 233
materials for, 543–544 drinking water treatment, 240–241 Net-water-production, 353
membrane knowledge base, 540 evolution, 242–244 New particles formation rate, 299
micro-ultra vs. nano-RO, membrane processes, technologies, 244 Nine unit processes, 52
540 wastewater treatment, 241–242 Nitrate removal by ion-exchange, 527–528
operation, 541–542, 560–561 rate limiting, 240 Nitrification, 689, 714
packaging shear rate, 287 Nitrobacter, 714
flow within membrane element, 547 short-circuiting, 287 Nitrosomonas, 714
hollow-fiber modules, 545, 547 technologies Nocardia, 714
plate-and-frame modules, 545 impeller mixing, 261–269 Nozzle, 816
pore sizes, 548 in-line mixers, 270–271 NPDES, 419
ratings, 547–548 jet mixers, 271–276
spiral-wound membrane modules, Rushton system, 270 O
545–546 static mixers, 276–280
pilot plants, 561–562 tanks, 269–270 Obligate anaerobe, definition, 715
process description, 539–540 theory Onda correlations, 588, 600–602, 604
racks of, 541 coagulant chemicals, 260–261 Organic carbon
structure Navier–Stokes equation, 253–254 characterization
asymmetric, 543–544 similitude, 254–260 BOD test, 35
microporous, 543 transport mechanisms, 244–253 chlorinated organics, 36–37
technology, 540–541 thermal energy, 280 color units, 37
theory tracer, 288 natural organic matter, 35–36
cross-flow membrane element, 551–552 turbulence, 280, 288 TOC concentrations, 37
electrodialysis, 556 Modeling UV 254 absorbance, 37
fouling, 556–559 bench scale, 55 classification, 35
osmosis, 554–556 black box, 45–46 disinfection by-products, 37–40
performance variables, 550 categories, 45 humification, 35
Poiseuille law, 552–553 computer model, 48–49 synthetic, 37
solute=particle rejection, 550–551 dimensions, 52 Orifice plate meter, 809–812
water and solute flux, model, 551 mathematical model, 48 Osmosis
treatment train, 541 physical model, 46–48 effect of membrane pressure on water flux
types, 542–543 pilot plants density, 555–556
Mercury lamps, 627 Denver water reuse plant, 53 osmotic pressure, 554–555
Mesophilic, 714 filter column set up, 53 reverse, 554