Page 52 - gas transport in porous media
P. 52

Chapter 3: Vapor Transport Processes
                                                                                            45
                                       3
                           movement of H in the vapor phase (Scanlon, 1992). The difference in moisture
                           fluxes between the two tracers suggests a vapor flux of ∼6mm/year. Unsaturated-
                           zone nonisothermal liquid- and vapor-flow modeling was used to simulate these
                           processes, and enhanced vapor diffusion was required in the vapor-transport models
                           to obtain the observed results. Additional details of these studies can be found in
                           Scanlon (1992) and Scanlon and Milly (1994).
                           REFERENCES

                           Carey, V.P., 1992, Liquid-Vapor Phase-Change Phenomena, Hemisphere Publishing Corp, Washington.
                           Carslaw and Jaeger, 1959, Conduction of Heat in Solids, Clarendon Press, Oxford.
                           Elliott, J.A.W., 2001, OntheCompleteKelvinEquation, ChemicalEngineeringEducation, 35(4), 274–278.
                           Gu, L., C.K. Ho, O.A. Plumb, and S.W. Webb, 1998, Diffusion with Condensation and Evaporation
                             in Porous Media, ASME Proceedings of the 7th AIAA/ASME Thermophysics and Heat Transfer
                             Conference, HTD-Vol. 357-2, pp. 213–220.
                           Ho, C.K., 1997, Evaporation of Pendant Water Droplets in Fractures, Water Resources Research, Vol. 33,
                             No. 12, pp. 2665–2671.
                           Ho, C.K., 1998, Analytical Inverse Model for Multicomponent Soil Vapor Extraction, J. Environmental
                             Engineering, v. 124, no. 6, 504–509.
                           Ho, C.K. and K.S. Udell, 1992, An Experimental Investigation of Air Venting of Volatile Liquid Hydro-
                             carbon Mixtures from Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Porous Media, J. Contam. Hydrol., 11,
                             291–316.
                           Ho, C.K., S.W. Liu, and K.S. Udell, 1994, Propagation of Evaporation and Condensation Fronts During
                             Multicomponent Soil Vapor Extraction, J. Contam. Hydrol., 16, pp. 381–401.
                           Ho, C.K., and K.S. Udell, 1995, Mass Transfer Limited Drying of Porous Media Containing an Immobile
                             Binary Liquid Mixture, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 38 No. 2, pp. 339–350.
                           Ho, C.K., and S.W. Webb, 1998, Review of Porous Media Enhanced Vapor-Phase Diffusion Mechanisms,
                             Models, and Data-Does Enhanced Vapor-Phase Diffusion Exist?, Journal of Porous Media, 1(1), pp.
                             71–92.
                           Jury, W.A., and J. Letey, Jr., 1979, Water Vapor Movement in Soil: Reconciliation of Theory and
                             Experiment, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., Vol. 43, No. 5, pp. 823–827.
                           Lide, D.R. (ed.), 1990, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton.
                           Philip, J.R., and D.A. deVries, 1957, Moisture Movement in Porous Materials under Temperature
                             Gradients, Trans. Am. Geophys. Union, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 222–232, p. 594.
                           Phillips, F. M., J. L. Mattick, and T. A. Duval. 1988. Chlorine 36 and tritium from nuclear weapons fallout
                             as tracers for long-term liquid movement in desert soils. Water Resources Research 24:1877–1891.
                           Pruess, K., 1991, TOUGH2 – A General-Purpose Numerical Simulator for Multiphase Fluid and Heat
                             Flow, LBL-29400, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, CA.
                           Reid, R.C., J.M. Prausnitz, and B.E. Poling, 1987, The Properties of Gases & Liquids, 4th Ed., McGraw-
                             Hill Inc., New York.
                           Scanlon, B. R. 1992. Evaluation of liquid and vapor flow in desert soils based on chlorine-36 and tritium
                             tracers and nonisothermal flow simulations. Water Resources Research 28:285–297.
                           Scanlon, B. R., and P. C. D. Milly. 1994. Water and heat fluxes in desert soils 2. Numerical simulations.
                             Water Resources Research 30:721–733.
                           Silverman, T., 1998, A Pore-Scale Experiment to Evaluate Enhanced Vapor Diffusion in Porous Media,
                             Master of Science Thesis submitted to the Department of Hydrology at the New Mexico Institute of
                             Mining and Technology, Socorro, New Mexico.
                           Webb, S.W., 1998, Pore-Scale Modeling of Transient and Steady-State Vapor Diffusion in Partially-
                             Saturated Porous Media, ASME Proceedings of the 7thAIAA/ASME Thermophysics and Heat Transfer
                             Conference, HTD-Vol. 357-2, pp. 221–231.
   47   48   49   50   51   52   53   54   55   56   57