Page 160 - Handbook of Materials Failure Analysis

156 CHAPTER 6 Failure analysis of concrete sleepers/bearers

Y Z
X

3.784354 ×10 2 [Bk:120219,Nd: 153502] −3.492675 ×10 1 [Bk:163350,Nd: 208495] [Bk:120219,Nd: 153502] −3.492675 ×10 1 [Bk:163350,Nd: 208495]

Brick react: Fz (N) 3.349236 ×10 2 3.914118 ×10 2 2.479000 ×10 2 2.043882 ×10 2 1.608764 ×10 2 1.173646 ×10 2 7.385277 ×10 1 3.034096 ×10 1 −1.317085 ×10 1 (c) Brick react: Fz (N) 3.784354 ×10 2 3.349236 ×10 2 3.914118 ×10 2 2.479000 ×10 2 2.043882 ×10 2 1.608764 ×10 2 1.173646 ×10 2 7.385277 ×10 1 3.034096 ×10 1 −1.317085 ×10 1 (d)

Y X Finite-element analysis results of turnout diamond. (a) Crossover model. (b) Pressure distribution from loading. (c) Forces experienced from loading. (d) Forces
Z

loading.

from
bearers

underneath

5.978179×10 1 [Bk:55637,Nd:495372] −4.022795×10 2 [Bk:557636,Nd: 495371] 6.28

Brick stress: zz (MPa) 1.114375×10 1 −3.749428×10 1 −8.613231×10 1 −1.347703×10 2 −1.834084×10 2 −2.320464×10 2 −2.806844×10 2 −3.293225×10 2 −3.779605×10 2 experienced
(a) (b) FIGURE