Page 434 - Introduction to Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce

Glossary 423

tools and platforms and conducting social networking in Standard of due care The minimum and customary prac-
organizations while the major objectives are either com- tice that a company is reasonably expected to take to pro-
mercial or nonprofit activities (e.g., the government). tect the company and its resources from possible risks.
Social game A video multiplayer game played on the Static banner Banners that stay on a Web page regularly.
Internet, mostly in social networks or virtual worlds. Stored-value card A card where a monetary value is pre-
Social learning Learning, training, and knowledge sharing paid and can be loaded on the card once, or several times.
in social networks and/or facilitated by social software Symmetric (private) key encryption A scheme in which
tools. the same key is used to encrypt and decrypt the plaintext.
Social marketplace A marketplace that uses social media Tendering (bidding) system System through which large
tools and platforms and acts as an online intermediary organizational buyers make large-volume or large-value
between buyers and sellers. purchases (also known as a reverse auction).
Social media Involves user-generated online text, image, Third-party logistics suppliers (3PL) External, rather
audio, and video content that are delivered via Web 2.0 than in-house, providers of logistics services.
platforms and tools. The media is used primarily for social Transaction log (for Web applications) A user file that
interactions and conversations such as to share opinions, records the user’s activities on a company’s website from
experiences, insights, and perceptions and to collaborate, the computer log.
all online. Trojan horse A program that seems to be harmless or even
Social media marketing (SMM) The application of mar- looks useful but actually contains a hidden malicious code.
keting communication and other marketing tools using Ubiquitous computing (ubicom) Computing capabili-
social media. ties embedded into a relevant system, usually not visible,
Social network A social entity composed of nodes (which which may be mobile or stationary.
are generally individuals, groups, or organizations) that User profile Customer preferences, behaviors, and demo-
are connected by links such as hobbies, friendship, or pro- graphics.
fession. The structures are often very complex. Value proposition Refers to the benefits, including the
Social network game A video game that is played in social intangible ones that a company hopes to derive from
networks, and usually involves multiplayers. using its business model.
Social networking The execution of any Web 2.0 activity, Vendor-managed inventory (VMI) A process in which
such as blogging or having a presence in a social network. retailers make their suppliers responsible for monitoring
It also includes all activities conducted in social networks. the inventory of each item they supply, and determining
Social networking service (SNS) A service that builds online when to order each item.
communities by providing an online space for people to Vertical marketplaces Markets for one industry or one
build free homepages and that provides basic communica- industry segment. Examples include marketplaces specializ-
tion and support tools for conducting different activities in ing in electronics, cars, hospital supplies, steel, or chemicals.
the social network. Viral blogging Viral marketing done by bloggers.
Social shopping (sales 2.0) Online shopping with social Viral marketing Word-of-mouth (WOM) method by which
media tools and platforms. It is about sharing shopping people tell others (frequently their friends) about a product
experiences with friends. Social shopping is the combina- they like (or dislike). Electronic word-of-mouth marketing
tion of social media and e-commerce. (WOM) that spreads a word, story, or some media.
Social TV An emerging social media technology that Viral video Any video that is forwarded from a person to
enables several TV viewers who are in different locations others, sometimes with a recommendation to watch it.
to interactively share experiences such as discussions, This way, people share videos that receive more attention,
reviews, and recommendations while watching the same sometimes drawing millions of viewers in a short time.
show simultaneously. Virtual (pure-play) e-tailers Companies with direct online
Spam The electronic equivalent of junk mail. sales that do not need physical stores.
Spam site Pages that trick search engines into offering biased Virtual (pure-play) organizations Organizations that con-
search results so that the ranking of certain pages is inflated. duct their business activities solely online.
Splog Blogs created by spammers solely for advertising. Virtual community A community where the interaction
Spyware Tracking software that is installed by criminals or takes place over a computer network, mainly the Internet.
advertisers, without the user’s consent, in order to gather Virtual currency The digital representation of value that
information about the user and direct it to advertisers or can be digitally traded and functions as a medium of
other third parties. A tool that some merchants use to exchange, a unit of account, and a store of value but does
gather information about users without their knowledge. not have legal status in any jurisdiction.