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Intr oduction to the System-on-Package (SOP) Technology       33


                    implementation by adopting a top-down approach to the system design, application of
                    self-calibration schemes, modularity approach in RFIC design, and the use of custom
                    board and front-end (FE) elements to reduce the part count [44].

               1.10 SOP Technologies
                    The SOP concept seeks to integrate multiple system functions into one compact,
                    lightweight, low-cost, and high-performance package or module system. Such a system
                    design may call for high-performance digital, RF, optical, and sensor functions as
                    indicated in Figure 1.33 in the SOP concept.
                       The technologies involved in the SOP concept have been outlined in the different
                    chapters of this book:
                        •  Introduction to the System-on-Package (SOP) Technology (Chapter 1)
                        •  System-on-Chip (Chapter 2)
                        •  Stacked ICs and Packages (SIP) (Chapter 3)
                        •  Mixed-Signal (SOP) Design (Chapter 4)
                        •  RF SOP (Chapter 5)
                        •  Optoelectronics SOP (Chapter 6)
                        •  SOP Substrate (Chapter 7)
                        •  Mixed-Signal Reliability (Chapter 8)
                        •  MEMS (Chapter 9)
                        •  Wafer-Level SOP (Chapter 10)
                        •  Thermal SOP (Chapter 11)
                        •  SOP Electrical Test (Chapter 12)
                        •  Biosensor SOP (Chapter 13)


























                    FIGURE 1.33  SOP includes all system building blocks: SOCs, SIPs, MEMS, embedded components
                    in ICs and substrates, thermal structures, batteries, and system interconnections.
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