Sliding Mode Stabilization and Synchronization Chapter | 10 307 (A) 60 40 20 Error (1) 0 –20 –40 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time (s) (B) 60 40 20 Error (1) 0 –20 –40 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Time (s) FIGURE 10.23 Real and imaginary components of the error e(1).