Page 904 - Mechanical Engineers' Handbook (Volume 2)

896 Index

Optical temperature measurements, 167– Parallel compensation, see Feedback
171 compensation
fiber-optic blackbody-sensing systems, Parallel data transfer, 851
168–170 Parallel manipulation, 92
fluor-optic temperature sensing, 170 Parallel sources, 44
thermo-chromic liquid crystals, 170– Parameter estimation, 277
171 Parseval’s theorem, 772–773
time-domain reflectometry, 171 Parsons, John T., 696
Optimal control, 442 Part geometry, 707, 710
NNs in, 810–815 Partial-fraction expansion, 452–455
stability/robustness of, 766–767 Partial-fraction expansion theorem, 325
theory of, 411–412, 442 Partitioned neural networks, 799–800
Optimal observers, 781–783 Part programming language, 702
Optimum systems control, 278 Passive elements, 307
OR (Boolean addition), 246–248 Passive neural networks, 797
Order effects, 281 Path control, 686
Orientation, strain-gage, 76 Pattern circuits, 137
Pattern of interconnections, 311
Orientation-dependent etching (ODE), 866
Paynter, Henry M., 37
Orifice equation, 52–53
Orifice flow-metering system, 61 PD control, see Proportional-derivative
Orifice flowmeters, 176–177 control
Original equipment manufacturers PDF, see Pseudoderivative feedback
Peak overshoot, 473–474
(OEMs), 680
Peak times, 474
Oscillator-translator modulators, 573
OSI standard, see Open Systems Pedigree of instrument, 117
Interconnect standard Performance indices, 410–411, 489
OTP (one-time-programmable device), Performance objectives achievement
evaluation, 294
250
Periodic deviation, 102
Outcome-irrelevant learning system, 281 Periodic inputs, 337–350
Output (term), 3, 384 Peripheral equipment, 133, 135
Output equations, 318, 319 Permanent-magnet (PM) motors, 546–552,
Output feedback control, 806–808
567
Output impedance, 48, 104, 120
Persistence of excitation, 812
Overdamped response, 335 PFM (pulse-frequency modulation)
Overdriven elements, 414 method, 554
Overlapped valves, 395
Phase analysis, 206–208
Overload recovery, 104
Phase angle, 557
Overshoot, 532, 534, 539, 540
Phase crossover frequency, 420
Phase–frequency response, 96
P Phase margin (PM):
definition of, 420
Paints, temperature-sensitive, 173–174 and gain margin, 504–505
Parabolic input, 488–489 polar plots as design tool in frequency
Parallel: domain, 506–509
impedances in, 39 Phase-plane method, 371, 372, 374–376
thermocouple materials connected in, Phase portrait, 371, 372
147–148 Phase sensing, 111
Parallel communications, 232 Phase-sensitive demodulator, 111