Page 11 - Pipeline Rules of Thumb Handbook

Examples of pressure drop calculations for rubber 14: Pumps, 399
hose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Typical formulas used for calculating pressure drop Centrifugal pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
and flow rates for pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 Speed torque calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Hydraulic gradients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343 Pulsation Control for Reciprocating
Equivalent lengths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346 Pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
Series systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Looped systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348 Key Centrifugal Pump Parameters and
Calculate pressure loss in annular sections . . . . . . . . . 349 How They Impact Your Applications—
Calculate pressure and temperature loss for viscous Part 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421
crudes ≥1,000cP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Determine batch injection rate as per enclosure . . . . . 352 Key Centrifugal Pump Parameters and
How They Impact Your Applications—
Pressure Loss through Valves and Part 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 426
Fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Estimate the discharge of a centrifugal pump at
Representative resistance coefficients (K) for valves various speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
and fittings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 How to estimate the head for an average centrifugal
Nomograph for calculating Reynolds number for flow pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
of liquids and friction factor for clean steel and Find the capacity of reciprocating pump . . . . . . . . . . 432
wrought iron pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359 How to estimate the horsepower required to pump
Nomograph for calculating pressure drop of liquids in at a given rate at a desired discharge pressure . . . . 432
lines for turbulent flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Nomograph for determining reciprocating pump
capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 432
Drag-Reducing Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 Nomograph for determining specific speed of
pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434
The basics of drag reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Nomograph for determining horsepower requirement
How drag-reducing agents can outweigh looping or
of pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
boosting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
How to select motors for field gathering pumps . . . . . 435
How active, passive drag affect DRA injections . . . . . 376
Reciprocating pumps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436
How to estimate the rate of liquid discharge from a
Understanding the basics of rotary screw pumps . . . . 445
pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Predict subsurface temperature ranges . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Sizing pipelines for water flow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383 15: Measurement, 451
How approximate throughput of a line can be
estimated from pipe size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 Pipeline flow measurement—the new influences . . . . 452
Gauge liquid flow where no weir or meter is Liquid measurement orifice plate flange taps . . . . . . . 455
available . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 Mass measurement light hydrocarbons . . . . . . . . . . . . 459
Estimate crude gathering line throughput for a given Pipeline measurement of supercritical carbon
pipe diameter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384 dioxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
How to determine head loss due to friction in Gas Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
ordinary iron pipeline carrying clear water . . . . . . . 384
How to size lines, estimate pressure drop and Master meter proving orifice meters in dense phase
optimum station spacing for crude systems . . . . . . 385 ethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466
Estimate the optimum working pressures in crude oil Gas or vapor flow measurement—orifice plate flange
transmission lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385 taps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473
How to size crude and products lines for capacity Properties of gas and vapors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
increases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 Determine required orifice diameter for any required
How to determine the maximum surge pressure in differential when the present orifice and differential
liquid-filled pipeline when a main valve is closed are known in gas measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482
suddenly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 Estimate the temperature drop across a regulator . . . 483
What is the hydrostatic pressure due to a column of Estimate natural gas flow rates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483
oil H feet in height? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 How to estimate the average pressure differential
Transient pressure analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 on the remaining meter runs of a parallel system
Tank farm line sizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396 when one or more runs are shut off . . . . . . . . . . . . 484

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