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Generators and Motors: Theory and Testing Chapter | 4  37



              X SG subtransient          X SG transient        X SG steady state

               5 X L 1 X a == X F == X D  5 X L1 X a == X F    5 X L 1 X a
             X L 5 Leakage reactance  R L 5 Leakage resistance  R a 5 Armature
                                                            resistance
             X F 5 Field reactance    R F 5 Field resistance
             X D 5 Damping bars reactance  R D 5 Damping bars
                                      resistance






























             FIGURE 4.5 Steady-state representation of a synchronous generator.












             FIGURE 4.6 Synchronous machine reactance in subtransient, transient, and steady-state.

                Generator networks generate a large amount of heat. The limitation of
             generator operation due to heating follows the generator capability curves as
             shown in Fig. 4.7.
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