Page 121 - Refining Biomass Residues for Sustainable Energy and Bioproducts

al. (2012) (2014)
al. et (2011)
et al. al. al. et
Arancon (2011) Akinfalabi (2017) et Yu et Chin Wang

63.00 83.00 71.00 36.00 93.00 97.00 97.80 7.60 24.40 8.40 80.00 94.30 94.10

12.08 2.6 1.2 0.43 1.6 1.65

0.075 0.11 0.1 0.1 0.15 0.14 0.839 0.405 0.377 2.65 2.69

,0.02 120 90 100 100 110 70 80 90 100 483.07 1.88 640 1411 54.74 95 55

cooking acid fatty distillate oil acid fatty distillate cooking

Waste oil Palm Canola Palm Waste oil

15 12 15 5 2 2

150 150 150 150 160 180

5 10 5 10 5 10 2 2 5 3 C temp , carbonization temperature; C time , carbonization time; S temp , sulfonation temperature; S time , sulfonation time.

400 500 600 400 450 675 875 450 600

residues palm waste bark wood shaving stillage

Corncob Deoiled seed Wood White Wood Sugarcane bagasse Cassava residue

14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.